Uruguay Quotes

Many little people, in little places, doing little things, can change the world.

I AM KORROK. In the mountains of Uruguay, a goat gets its hoof caught in a posthole and the bone snaps like a twig. The splinter juts from its skin, blood spraying onto white fur. It is stuck like that for three days. Finally, a wolf mother comes along, carrying her pup in her jaws. She lets the pup feed off the goat, gnawing bits of fur and skin and tearing at muscle. The goat feels it and screams and there is pain and pain and neither the goat nor the wolf nor the pup understand their place in the machine. I stand above all, and call them fags. I AM KORROK.

deaths by bullet per 100,000. In at number one is Colombia, with a whopping 51.8 whacks. Next is Paraguay with 7.4, then Guatemala, Zimbabwe, Mexico, Costa Rica, Belarus, Barbados, and the United States with 2.97—just ahead of Uruguay.

Me miró, desde su altura, de una manera tal que me dio vuelta todo lo que tenía en el alma. Si alguien me mirara así cada tres o cuatro meses, estoy seguro de que mi vida sería digna de una biografía en varios tomos. En la mirada esa había de todo: agresión y ternura, desafío y ruego, erotismo, desdén, caricias, puñales, hielo, fuego, música… Me sentí como si un caballo me hubiera pateado la cabeza con las herraduras de los dos cascos traseros al mismo tiempo, pero dándose maña para hacerme sentir que me estaba haciendo un favor.

Greece Portugal Guatemala Uruguay Belgium

Mi deplorable condición de argentino me impedirá incurrir en el ditirambo — género obligatorio en el Uruguay—, cuando el tema es un uruguayo.

Among Western democracies, the United States leaps out of the homicide statistics. Instead of clustering with kindred peoples like Britain, the Netherlands, and Germany, it hangs out with toughs like Albania and Uruguay, close to the median rate for the entire world.

At the airport they were loaded into planes or helicopters from which, dazed but conscious, they were pushed out into the Atlantic or the estuary of the River Plate. This was done in such numbers that eventually the friendly military dictatorship in neighbouring Uruguay complained about the number of bodies being washed up on its shores.

Matthew XV:30” The first bridge, Constitution Station. At my feet the shunting trains trace iron labyrinths. Steam hisses up and up into the night, which becomes at a stroke the night of the Last Judgment. From the unseen horizon and from the very center of my being, an infinite voice pronounced these things— things, not words. This is my feeble translation, time-bound, of what was a single limitless Word: “Stars, bread, libraries of East and West, playing-cards, chessboards, galleries, skylights, cellars, a human body to walk with on the earth, fingernails, growing at nighttime and in death, shadows for forgetting, mirrors busily multiplying, cascades in music, gentlest of all time's shapes. Borders of Brazil, Uruguay, horses and mornings, a bronze weight, a copy of the Grettir Saga, algebra and fire, the charge at Junín in your blood, days more crowded than Balzac, scent of the honeysuckle, love and the imminence of love and intolerable remembering, dreams like buried treasure, generous luck, and memory itself, where a glance can make men dizzy— all this was given to you, and with it the ancient nourishment of heroes— treachery, defeat, humiliation. In vain have oceans been squandered on you, in vain the sun, wonderfully seen through Whitman’s eyes. You have used up the years and they have used up you, and still, and still, you have not written the poem.

All Latin Americans know about the disappeared. The period of the late 1970s and 1980s was a dark time in South America. It was a time of military dictatorships in Argentina, Uruguay, and Chile. The governments kidnapped civilians and took them to undisclosed locations and tortured and killed them. Their bodies were never found. Their bones were never found. In Argentina, in just seven years’ time, the government disappeared about thirty thousand people. They woke up one morning and went about their days and then they vanished without a trace. So in Argentina, their mothers formed a group called the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo. They wore white scarves around their heads and marched two by two in front of the presidential palace every Thursday afternoon at 3:30 P.M. holding pictures of their disappeared children. They still do it every Thursday afternoon. These mothers are legendary. They have been marching for forty years.

For generations the official U.S. policy had been to support these regimes against any threat from their own citizens, who were branded automatically as Communists. When necessary, U.S. troops had been deployed in Latin America for decades to defend our military allies, many of whom were graduates of the U.S. Military Academy, spoke English, and sent their children to be educated in our country. They were often involved in lucrative trade agreements involving pineapples, bananas, bauxite, copper and iron ore, and other valuable commodities. When I became president, military juntas ruled in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay. I decided to support peaceful moves toward freedom and democracy throughout the hemisphere. In addition, our government used its influence through public statements and our votes in financial institutions to put special pressure on the regimes that were most abusive to their own people, including Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. On visits to the region Rosalynn and I met with religious and other leaders who were seeking political change through peaceful means, and we refused requests from dictators to defend their regimes from armed revolutionaries, most of whom were poor, indigenous Indians or descendants of former African slaves. Within ten years all the Latin American countries I named here had become democracies, and The Carter Center had observed early elections in Panama, Nicaragua, Peru, Haiti, and Paraguay.

La Unión Soviética se anexionó por la fuerza Letonia, Lituania, Estonia y partes de Finlandia, Polonia y Rumania; ocupó y sometió a un régimen comunista a Polonia, Rumania, Hungría, Mongolia, Bulgaria, Checoslovaquia, Alemania oriental y Afganistán, y sofocó el alzamiento de los obreros de Alemania oriental en 1953, la revolución húngara de 1956 y la tentativa checa de introducir en 1968 el glasnost y la perestroika. Dejando aparte las guerras mundiales y las expediciones para combatir la piratería o el tráfico de esclavos, Estados Unidos ha perpetrado invasiones e intervenciones armadas en otros países en más de 130 ocasiones*, incluyendo China (18 veces), México (13), Nicaragua y Panamá (9 cada uno), Honduras (7), Colombia y Turquía (6 en cada país), República Dominicana, Corea y Japón (5 cada uno), Argentina, Cuba, Haití, el reino de Hawai y Samoa (4 cada uno), Uruguay y Fiji (3 cada uno), Granada, Puerto Rico, Brasil, Chile, Marruecos, Egipto, Costa de Marfil, Siria, Irak, Perú, Formosa, Filipinas, Camboya, Laos y Vietnam. La mayoría de estas incursiones han sido escaramuzas para mantener gobiernos sumisos o proteger propiedades e intereses de empresas estadounidenses, pero algunas han sido mucho más importantes, prolongadas y cruentas. * Esta lista, que suscitó una cierta sorpresa cuando fue publicada en Estados Unidos, se basa en recopilaciones de la Comisión de fuerzas armadas de la cámara de representantes.

Truth may not be expressed, but truth becomes a reality. Seeing the master, seeing one who is a realized one, you become certain: if you are groping in the dark, don't be worried, and don't feel hopeless. Go on groping! Every night has a morning to it, and sooner or later you will find the door, you will reach to the point. If one man has reached, the whole humanity can reach. He is enough proof. So the question is not whether truth can be spoken or not, the question is whether a presence can create a conviction that there is something that you are missing -- and unless you find it your life will not be complete, will not be perfect.

Globalization has shipped products at a faster rate than anything else; it’s moved English into schools all over the world so that now there is Dutch English and Filipino English and Japanese English. But the ideologies stay in their places. They do not spread like the swine flu, or through sexual contact. They spread through books and films and things of that nature. The dictatorships of Latin America used to ban books, they used to burn them, just like Franco did, like Pope Gregory IX and Emperor Qin Shi Huang. Now they don’t have to because the best place to hide ideologies is in books. The dictatorships are mostly gone—Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay. The military juntas. Our ideologies are not secrets. Even the Ku Klux Klan holds open meetings in Alabama like a church. None of the Communists are still in jail. You can buy Mao’s red book at the gift shop at the Museum of Communism. I will die soon, in the next five to ten years. I have not seen progress during my lifetime. Our lives are too short and disposable. If we had longer life expectancies, if we lived to 200, would we work harder to preserve life or, do you think that when Borges said, ‘Jews, Christians, and Muslims all profess belief in immortality, but the veneration paid to the first century of life is proof that they truly believe in only those hundred years, for they destine all the rest, throughout eternity, to rewarding or punishing what one did when alive,’ we would simply alter it to say ‘first two centuries’? I have heard people say we are living in a golden age, but the golden age has passed—I’ve seen it in the churches all over Latin America where the gold is like glue. The Middle Ages are called the Dark Ages but only because they are forgotten, because the past is shrouded in darkness, because as we lay one century of life on top of the next, everything that has come before seems old and dark—technological advances provide the illusion of progress. The most horrendous tortures carried out in the past are still carried out today, only today the soldiers don’t meet face to face, no one is drawn and quartered, they take a pill and silently hope a heart attack doesn’t strike them first. We are living in the age of dissociation, speaking a government-patented language of innocence—technology is neither good nor evil, neither progress nor regress, but the more advanced it becomes, the more we will define this era as the one of transparent secrets, of people living in a world of open, agile knowledge, oceans unpoliced—all blank faces, blank minds, blank computers, filled with our native programming, using electronic appliances with enough memory to store everything ever written invented at precisely the same moment we no longer have the desire to read a word of it.

escritura automática, cadáveres exquisitos, performances de una sola persona y sin espectadores, contraintes, escritura a dos manos, a tres manos, escritura masturbatoria (con la derecha escribimos, con la izquierda nos masturbamos, o al revés si eres zurdo), madrigales, poemas-novela, sonetos cuya última palabra siempre es la misma, mensajes de sólo tres palabras escritos en las paredes («No puedo más», «Laura, te amo», etc.), diarios desmesurados, mail-poetry, projective verse, poesía conversacional, antipoesía, poesía concreta brasileña (escrita en portugués de diccionario), poemas en prosa policíacos (se cuenta con extrema economía una historia policial, la última frase la dilucida o no), parábolas, fábulas, teatro del absurdo, pop-art, haikús, epigramas (en realidad imitaciones o variaciones de Catulo, casi todas de Moctezuma Rodríguez), poesía-desperada (baladas del Oeste), poesía georgiana, poesía de la experiencia, poesía beat, apócrifos de bp—Nichol, de John Giorno, de John Cage (A Yearfrom Monday), de Ted Berrigan, del hermano Antoninus, de Armand Schwerner (The Tablets), poesía letrista, caligramas, poesía eléctrica (Bulteau, Messagier), poesía sanguinaria (tres muertos como mínimo), poesía pornográfica (variantes heterosexual, homosexual y bisexual, independientemente de la inclinación particular del poeta), poemas apócrifos de los nadaístas colombianos, horazerianos del Perú, catalépticos de Uruguay, tzantzicos de Ecuador, caníbales brasileños, teatro Nó proletario...

S’il est quelquefois logique de s’en rapporter à l’apparence des phénomènes, ce premier chant finit ici. Ne soyez pas sévère pour celui qui ne fait encore qu’essayer sa lyre : elle rend un son si étrange ! Cependant, si vous voulez être impartial, vous reconnaîtrez déjà une empreinte forte, au milieu des imperfections. Quant à moi, je vais me remettre au travail, pour faire paraître un deuxième chant, dans un laps de temps qui ne soit pas trop retardé. La fin du dix-neuvième siècle verra son poète (cependant, au début, il ne doit pas commencer par un chef d’œuvre, mais suivre la loi de la nature) ; il est né sur les rives américaines, à l’embouchure de la Plata, là où deux peuples, jadis rivaux, s’efforcent actuellement de se surpasser par le progrès matériel et moral. Buenos-Ayres, la reine du Sud, et Montevideo, la coquette, se tendent une main amie, à travers les eaux argentines du grand estuaire. Mais, la guerre éternelle a placé son empire destructeur sur les campagnes, et moissonne avec joie des victimes nombreuses. Adieu, vieillard, et pense à moi, si tu m’as lu. Toi, jeune homme, ne désespère point ; car, tu as un ami dans le vampire, malgré ton opinion contraire. En comptant l’acarus sarcopte qui produit la gale, tu auras deux amis !

Globalization has shipped products at a faster rate than anything else; it’s moved English into schools all over the world so that now there is Dutch English and Filipino English and Japanese English. But the ideologies stay in their places. They do not spread like the swine flu, or through sexual contact. They spread through books and films and things of that nature. The dictatorships of Latin America used to ban books, they used to burn them, just like Franco did, like Pope Gregory IX and Emperor Qin Shi Huang. Now they don’t have to because the best place to hide ideologies is in books. The dictatorships are mostly gone—Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay. The military juntas. Our ideologies are not secrets. Even the Ku Klux Klan holds open meetings in Alabama like a church. None of the Communists are still in jail. You can buy Mao’s red book at the gift shop at the Museum of Communism. I will die soon, in the next five to ten years. I have not seen progress during my lifetime. Our lives are too short and disposable. If we had longer life expectancies, if we lived to 200, would we work harder to preserve life or, do you think that when Borges said, ‘Jews, Christians, and Muslims all profess belief in immortality, but the veneration paid to the first century of life is proof that they truly believe in only those hundred years, for they destine all the rest, throughout eternity, to rewarding or punishing what one did when alive,’ we would simply alter it to say ‘first two centuries’? I have heard people say we are living in a golden age, but the golden age has passed—I’ve seen it in the churches all over Latin America where the gold is like glue. The Middle Ages are called the Dark Ages but only because they are forgotten, because the past is shrouded in darkness, because as we lay one century of life on top of the next, everything that has come before seems old and dark—technological advances provide the illusion of progress. The most horrendous tortures carried out in the past are still carried out today, only today the soldiers don’t meet face to face, no one is drawn and quartered, they take a pill and silently hope a heart attack doesn’t strike them first. We are living in the age of dissociation, speaking a government-patented language of innocence—technology is neither good nor evil, neither progress nor regress, but the more advanced it becomes, the more we will define this era as the one of transparent secrets, of people living in a world of open, agile knowledge, oceans unpoliced—all blank faces, blank minds, blank computers, filled with our native programming, using electronic appliances with enough memory to store everything ever written invented at precisely the same moment we no longer have the desire to read a word of it.” ― John M. Keller, Abracadabrantesque

Sonuç olarak "barış" kelimesi yeni anlamlar kazandı. Geçmiş nesiller barışı savaşın geçici yokluğu olarak değerlendiriyordu. Bizse bugün barışa savaşın mantıksızlığı olarak bakıyoruz. 1913'te Fransa'yla Almanya'nın barış halinde olduğunu söylemek, "Fransa ve Almanya halihazırda savaşta değil ancak gelecek yıl ne gösterir bilinmez," demekti. Bugün aynı şeyi söylediğimizde, iki ülke arasında herhangi bir durumda öngöürlebilir bir savaşın çıkmasının artık hayal bile edilemeyeceğini kastetmiş oluruz. Böylesine bir barış anlayışı sadece Fransa ve Almanya için değil, (hepsi olmasa da) birçok ülke arasında geçerli. Önümüzdeki yıl Almanya'yla Polonya, Endonezya'yla Filipinler ya da Brezilya'yla Uruguay arasında savaş çıkabilme ihtimali yok denecek kadar az. ... Yeni barışın sonsuza dek süreceğini söylemek mümkün değil elbette. ... Diğer yandan yeteneği niyetle karıştırmamak lazım. Siber savaşlar yeni yıkım yöntemleri sunar ama bu onları kullanmak yolunda yeterince teşvik edici değildir. Geçtiğimiz yetmiş yılda insanlık sadece Orman Kanununun değil, Çehov Kanununun da yıkılabileceğini kanıtladı. Antın Çehov'un meşhur sözündeki gibi ilk sahnede görünen silahın üçüncü sahnede patlaması kaçınılmazdır. Tarih boyunca kral ve imparatorlar yeni bir silah edindiklerinde, er ya da geç şeytana uyar ve o silahı kullanırlardı. Ne var ki 1945'ten bu yana, insanlık bu dürtüye karşı gelmeyi öğrendi. Soğuk Savaş döneminde sahneye çıkan pek çok silah patlamadı. Artık atılmamış bombalar, fırlatılmamış füzelerle dolu bir dünyada yaşamaya alıştık; gem Ormanın hem de Çehov'un Kanununu çiğnemekte ustalaştık. Bir gün bu kanunlar yeniden hüküm sürerse bu kaderimizde yazdığı için değil kendi hatalarımız yüzünden olacak.

1828, the Duke of Wellington, hero of Waterloo, became prime minister of the United Kingdom. In South America, Uruguay gained national independence. Japan suffered its

Hofstede argued, for example, that cultures can be usefully distinguished according to how much they expect individuals to look after themselves. He called that measurement the “individualism-collectivism scale.” The country that scores highest on the individualism end of that scale is the United States. Not surprisingly, the United States is also the only industrialized country in the world that does not provide its citizens with universal health care. At the opposite end of the scale is Guatemala. Another of Hofstede’s dimensions is “uncertainty avoidance.” How well does a culture tolerate ambiguity? Here are the top five “uncertainty avoidance” countries, according to Hofstede’s database—that is, the countries most reliant on rules and plans and most likely to stick to procedure regardless of circumstances: Greece Portugal Guatemala Uruguay Belgium The bottom five—that is, the cultures best able to tolerate ambiguity—are: 49. Hong Kong 50. Sweden 51. Denmark 52. Jamaica 53. Singapore

More importantly, in most countries there were also many policies that ended up redistributing income from the poor to the rich. There have been tax cuts for the rich – top income-tax rates were brought down. Financial deregulation has created huge opportunities for speculative gains as well as astronomical paycheques for top managers and financiers (see Things 2 and 22). Deregulation in other areas has also allowed companies to make bigger profits, not least because they were more able to exploit their monopoly powers, more freely pollute the environment and more readily sack workers. Increased trade liberalization and increased foreign investment – or at least the threat of them – have also put downward pressure on wages. As a result, income inequality has increased in most rich countries. For example, according to the ILO (International Labour Organization) report The World of Work 2008, of the twenty advanced economies for which data was available, between 1990 and 2000 income inequality rose in sixteen countries, with only Switzerland among the remaining four experiencing a significant fall.1 During this period, income inequality in the US, already by far the highest in the rich world, rose to a level comparable to that of some Latin American countries such as Uruguay and Venezuela.

A total of 779 prisoners have been held at Guantánamo since the facility was opened on January 11, 2002. Of those, 8 have died and 637 have been released or transferred. This left 134 inmates at Guantánamo at the end of 2014, however the number is constantly changing and as of January 2015 the official number of inmates remaining at the Guantánamo detention center was 127. Of these 127 detainees, 55 have been cleared for repatriation and are listed as being eligible to be transferred out. Some of the restrictions regarding the transferring of these prisoners have now been lifted, so they may be sent back to their home countries, provided those countries agree and are able to keep an eye on them. There are still problems regarding some of the more aggressive prisoners from countries that do not want them back. However, recently five of them were sent to the countries of Georgia and Slovakia. Another six detainees were flown to Uruguay over the weekend of December 6, 2014. There still remains a hard core of prisoners left incarcerated at the prison, for whom no release date or destination is scheduled. It is speculated that eventually some of them will come to the United States to face a federal court. Clifford Sloan, the U.S. State Department’s special envoy was tasked with closing the prison, said, “We are very grateful to Uruguay for this important humanitarian action, and to President José “Pepe” Mujica, for his strong leadership in providing a home for individuals who cannot return to their own countries.” Sloan added, “This transfer is a major milestone in our efforts to close the facility.” The question now is what will happen next under the Trump Administration? Presently there are still 41 men left, 15 of which are considered high value detainees. Five were to be moved out to cooperating countries during the Obama Administration but things happened too slowly and unfortunately they remained at Guantánamo. As of now the Trump plans are unclear, other than him saying that he wants to keep the detention center open and “load it up with some bad dudes.” Assuming that this happens, it is certain to bring on international protests!

We couldn’t stop following the news. Every ten seconds we refreshed our browsers and gawked at the headlines. Dully we read blogs of friends of friends of friends who had started an organic farm out on the Wichita River. They were out there pickling and canning and brewing things in the goodness of nature. And soon we’d worry it was time for us to leave the city and go. Go! To Uruguay or Morocco or Connecticut? To the Plains or the Mountains or the Bay? But we’d bide our time and after some months or years, our farmer friends would give up the farm and begin studying for the LSATs. We felt lousy about this, and wonderful. We missed getting mail. We wondered why we even kept those tiny keys on our crowded rings. Sometimes we would send ourselves things from the office. Sometimes we would handwrite long letters to old loved ones and not send them. We never knew their new address. We never knew anyone’s address, just their cross streets and what their doors looked like. Which button to buzz, and if the buzzers even worked. How many flights to climb, and which way to turn off the stairs. Sometimes we missed those who hadn’t come to the city with us— or those who had gone to other, different cities. Sometimes we journeyed to see them, and sometimes they ventured to see us. Those were the best of times, for we were all at home and not at once. Those were the worst of times, for we inevitably longed to all move here or there, yet no one ever came— somehow everyone only left. Soon we were practically all alone. Soon we began to hate the forever cramping of our lives. Sleeping on top of strangers and sipping coffee with people we knew we knew but couldn’t remember where from. Living out of boxes we had no space to unpack. Soon we named the pigeons roosting in our windowsills; we worried they looked mangier than the week before. We heard bellowing in the apartments below us and bedsprings creaking in the ones above. Everywhere we saw people with dogs and wodnered how they managed it. Did they work form home?Did they not work? Had they gone to the right schools? Did they have connections? We had no connections. Our parents were our guarantors in name only; they called us from their jobs in distant, colorless, suburban office parks and told us we could come home anytime, and this terrified us always. But then came those nights, creeping up on us while we worked busily in dark offices, like submariners lost at sea, sailing through the dark stratosphere in our cement towers. We’d call each other to report: a good thing happened, a compliment had been paid, a favor had been appreciated, an inch of ground had been gained. We wouldn’t trade those nights for anything or anywhere. Those nights, we remembered why we came to the city. Because if we were really living, then we wanted to hear the cracking in our throats and feel the trembling in our extremities. And if our apartments were coffins and our desks headstones and our dreams infections— if we were all slowly dying — then at least we were going about that great and terrible business together.

The colonel stood up. “I hope you enjoy your trip to Uruguay. Its government is stable, democratic, and politically mature. There’s even a welfare state. Of course, the people are entirely European in origin. I believe they exterminated all the Indians. As a German, you should feel very much at home there.

Siempre jugué muy bien, la verdad maravillosamente bien. Era el mejor de todos, pero sólo de noche mientras dormía. Durante el día, hay que reconocerlo, he sido el peor pata de palo que se ha visto en los campitos de mi país.

Alma, para llegar al infinito, da un impulso más firme a tu vuelo; sufre más!... ¡sufre más!... Tiene tu grito alas, para elevarte sobre el suelo...

- Dígame, señor Aladino, ¿usted de qué signo es? - Virgo, para servirle a usted. - ¿Virgo? Impulsivo, sensible reservado, activo, inteligencia racional, sentido práctico, devoción, fidelidad. Y también tendencia al surmenaje.

Siento que también hay algo en mí que hace una mueca de resignación, que algo en mí se crispa contra Nada, porque Dios y Destino y Materialismo Dialéctico son meros slogans que lanzaron Abraham y Spengler y Marx, no precisamente para formarnos o transformarnos o conformarnos, sino para hacernos olvidar de las únicas metas razonables y obligatorias, verbigracia el suicidio o la locura.

Se puede ser feliz junto a una persona frívola, pero siempre que se pertenezca al mismo grupo sanguíneo.

- ¿Sabes una cosa? Creo que te quiero bastante más de lo que creía. - Y eso ¿modifica tus planes? - No. Simplemente los hace más difíciles.

Si estuviera ta seguro acerca de Dios como de ese no-perdón, me estaría condenando. Pero no hay condena. No hay nada. Y la nada puede no ser condena sino liberación.

Their first Olympic match was against Yugoslavia. The Yugoslavs sent spies to the practice session. The Uruguayans caught on and practised by kicking the ground and sending the ball up into the clouds, tripping at every step and crashing into each other. The spies reported: ‘It makes you feel sorry, these poor boys came from so far away.’ Barely two thousand fans showed up. The Uruguayan flag was flown upside down, the sun on its head, and instead of the national anthem they played a Brazilian march. That afternoon, Uruguay defeated Yugoslavia 7–0.

He had a heart attack here in Montevideo, barely lived to tell the tale. There is something like a Bermuda Triangle here, it’s not to be underestimated. It’s kind of the B-side of the River Plate, the side that’ll eat you right up. If you can’t handle it, it’ll kill you. You have to be careful with Uruguay, especially if you come thinking it’s like the countryside in Argentina only everybody’s good, there’s no corruption, no Peronism, you can smoke pot on the street, the cute little country where everyone is a good person and friendly and all that bullshit. If you’re not paying attention, Uruguay will fuck you in the ass.” “Enzo!” said Clara

¿Sabe qué es lo más indicado para curar la nostalgia? El confort. Esta sensación de que usted aprieta un botón y el mundo le responde.

Siempre la distancia. Hacia abajo es desprecio. Hacia arriba, admiración.

Años atrás ya lo había intuido, pero sólo ahora lo confirmo: cuando uno desea a una mujer, sólo conoce la mitad del propio deseo. El deseo completo sobreviene en el instante en que se tiene conciencia de que también la mujer lo desea a uno. Entonces sí la presión se vuelve insoportable.

During this dizzying period of expansion [the 1950s], the Southern Cone began to look more like Europe and North America than the rest of Latina America or other parts of the Third World. The workers in the new factories formed powerful unions that negotiated middle-class salraies, and their children were sent off to study at newly build public universities, The yawning gap between the region's polo-club elite and its peasant masses began to narrow. By the 1950s, Argentina had the largest middle class on the continent, and next-door Uruguay had a literacy rate of 95 percent and offered free health care for all citizens. Developmentalism was so staggeringly successful for a time that the Southern Cone of Latin America became a potent symbol for poor countries around the world: here was proof that with smart, practical policies, aggressively implemented, the class divide between the First and Third World could actually be closed.

Lo único seguro es que estás existiendo, Dolores, en algún rincón de este día, en algún lugar del mundo, sola o con alguien, pero sin mí. Lo único seguro es que sos mejor que todas tus imágenes, que todas las imágenes que yo tengo de vos. ¿Quise esperar este instante a solas, sin prisa exterior y sin testigos, para decirme, con todas las letras, que estoy enamorado? ¿A los cuarenta y cuatro años? Quizá solo semienamorado. Porque ella dice que no, que no me quiere. Y para estar total, completa, absolutamente enamorado, hay que tener plena conciencia de que uno también es querido, que uno también inspira amor. De modo que semienamorado.

Jugar solo tiene gracia cuando es el resultado de una libre elección, y no cuando es la opción única, casi obligatoria.

- Por eso las grandes obras de arte se han construido siempre alrededor del pecado. - Lo cual, en el fondo, significa construirlas alrededor de Dios. - Naturalmente, porque sin Dios el pecado no existe. Y se han construido alrededor del pecado, porque el pecado está prohibido y tiene castigo, y eso es lo estético: el conflicto entre la prohibición y la culpa. Mejor dicho, el arte es la chispa que resulta de frotar la prohibición con el castigo.

- ¿Puedo quitarme los zapatos? - Puedes quitarte lo que quieras. - ¿Incluso las inhibiciones? - Eso antes que nada.

You have Wi-Fi there? In Uruguay?

OUCH "The arrabal (a term used for poor neighbourhoods in Argentina and Uruguay) and carpa (informal mobile theatre set up inside tents, once common in Latin America), with their caliente (hot) rhythms such as the rumba or the cha-cha-cha, were conquering audiences all over the world, a trend allegorised in song lyrics about their popularity among the French and other non-Latin Americans - "The Frenchman has fun like this/as does the German/and the Irishman has a ball/as does even the Muslim" ("Cachita") - even as they filtered in the presence of a blackness - "and if you want to dance/look for your Cachita/and tell her "Come on negrita"/let's dance" - denied in the official discourse of those Spanish=speaking countries wielding the greatest economic power in the region: namely, Argentina and Mexico, the latter of which would eventually incorporate Afro-Latin American culture into its cinema - although being careful to mark it as Cuban and not Mexican.

asiáticos obtienen los mejores puntajes a nivel mundial en todas las categorías de la prueba. En matemáticas, los jóvenes de Shanghái, en China, obtienen el primer puesto, seguidos por los de Singapur, Hong Kong, Taipéi, Corea del Sur y Japón. Más abajo en la lista están Suiza (9), Finlandia (12), Alemania (16), España (33), Rusia (34), Estados Unidos (36), Suecia (38), Chile (51), México (53), Uruguay (55), Costa Rica (56), Brasil (58), Argentina (59), Colombia (62) y Perú (65). Los resultados en ciencias y comprensión de lectura fueron similares.39

El país requerirá tres o cuatro mandatarios al hilo, por veinte años, que tengan algo del ADN de ese adorable viejo Mujica, de Uruguay. Rodeados de ministros y ministras del mismo perfil, que puedan darse el lujo de andar en bicicleta por las calles porque son respetables y respetados. Y que no se anden apuñalando por la espalda unos con otros, ni con los parlamentarios de su coalición, porque comparten verdaderamente una visión de futuro.

Liberal democracy and capitalism remain the essential, indeed the only, framework for the political and economic organization of modern societies. Rapid economic modernization is closing the gap between many former Third World countries and the industrialized North. With European integration and North American free trade, the web of economic ties within each region will thicken, and sharp cultural boundaries will become increasingly fuzzy. Implementation of the free trade regime of the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) will further erode interregional boundaries. Increased global competition has forced companies across cultural boundaries to try to adopt “best-practice” techniques like lean manufacturing from whatever source they come from. The worldwide recession of the 1990s has put great pressure on Japanese and German companies to scale back their culturally distinctive and paternalistic labor policies in favor of a more purely liberal model. The modern communications revolution abets this convergence by facilitating economic globalization and by propagating the spread of ideas at enormous speed. But in our age, there can be substantial pressures for cultural differentiation even as the world homogenizes in other respects. Modern liberal political and economic institutions not only coexist with religion and other traditional elements of culture but many actually work better in conjunction with them. If many of the most important remaining social problems are essentially cultural in nature and if the chief differences among societies are not political, ideological, or even institutional but rather cultural, it stands to reason that societies will hang on to these areas of cultural distinctiveness and that the latter will become all the more salient and important in the years to come. Awareness of cultural difference will be abetted, paradoxically, by the same communications technology that has made the global village possible. There is a strong liberal faith that people around the world are basically similar under the surface and that greater communications will bring deeper understanding and cooperation. In many instances, unfortunately, that familiarity breeds contempt rather than sympathy. Something like this process has been going on between the United States and Asia in the past decade. Americans have come to realize that Japan is not simply a fellow capitalist democracy but has rather different ways of practicing both capitalism and democracy. One result, among others, is sthe emergence of the revisionist school among specialists on Japan, who are less sympathetic to Tokyo and argue for tougher trade policies. And Asians are made vividly aware through the media of crime, drugs, family breakdown, and other American social problems, and many have decided that the United States is not such an attractive model after all. Lee Kwan Yew, former prime minister of Singapore, has emerged as a spokesman for a kind of Asian revisionism on the United States, which argues that liberal democracy is not an appropriate political model for the Confucian societies.10 The very convergence of major institutions makes peoples all the more intent on preserving those elements of distinctiveness they continue to possess.

Cambio de mano Una de las últimas acciones del gobernador bonaerense Emilio Castro —en tiempos de la presidencia de Sarmiento— fue decretar que todos los carros debían conservar su derecha. De esta manera, buscaba evitar algo que ocurría con mucha frecuencia: que dos coches tirados por caballos, mulas o bueyes chocaran al toparse de frente, sin resolver a tiempo hacia qué costado desviarse. Es verdad que el tránsito en aquella época era bastante simple. Pero transcurrían los años y aumentaba el número de cupés, berlinas, chatas y galeras que circulaban por la gran aldea porteña. Castro no había tenido en cuenta un problema crucial: los cocheros de Buenos Aires solían sentarse en el costado derecho del vehículo. Esto generaba dos inconvenientes: – Por un lado, si dos coches se encontraban de frente y cada uno torcía hacia su derecha, con sus cocheros sentados a la derecha, los dos quedaban lejos de sus ruedas izquierdas, que eran las que podían chocarse por un error de cálculo. – Por el otro, el peligro de los latigazos. Un cochero que conservaba la derecha, sentado a la derecha del carro, se veía obligado a castigar a la derecha del animal si quería que la bestia doblara para la izquierda. En esos casos, el látigo alcanzaba la vereda y era común que los peatones recibieran sin querer el golpe del tiento curtido. El problema de las ruedas izquierdas y los latigazos aumentaba a la par de la cantidad de vehículos. Luego de diecisiete años de vigencia, el intendente Francisco Seeber resolvió derogar la disposición de Castro y propuso que se cambiara de mano. El Concejo Deliberante lo respaldó. El 6 de junio de 1889 se lanzó el nuevo reglamento en el cual, además, el artículo 23 prohibía los chasquidos con el látigo (cinco pesos de multa) y se creaba una especie de microcentro —algo mayor que el actual— en el que se vedaba la circulación de carros (veinte pesos de multa). Buenos Aires marcaba las pautas al resto de las provincias y para 1890, en todas las ciudades de la Argentina se unificó la circulación. Esto hizo que algunos años después nuestros primeros automovilistas manejaran como en Gran Bretaña, conservando la izquierda y con el volante a la derecha. Desde ya, pertenecíamos al grupo minoritario: en todo el continente se manejaba conservando la derecha, salvo en nuestro país y en Uruguay. En 1944, la Argentina contaba con 307.935 vehículos que, sumados a los 28.823 del Uruguay, ni siquiera alcanzaba a totalizar el 1% del parque automotor del continente. El 99% restante manejaba al revés. ¿Qué hizo que casi todo el mundo conservara la derecha? La fabricación en serie del Ford T, un coche popular que disponía el volante a la izquierda, de acuerdo con las normas estadounidenses. En abril de 1944 se debatía un problema increíble: qué ocurriría cuando se terminara el puente que unía Paso de los Libres con Uruguayana (Brasil), a través del río Uruguay. “¿De qué forma tendrán que proceder los conductores que saliendo de Paso de los Libres lleguen al centro del puente conservando su izquierda para entrar al tramo brasileño donde rige el sistema de dirección a la derecha que mantiene aquel país?”, se preguntaba un periodista de la revista Automundo. El panorama en la Argentina era de lo más ridículo porque la Segunda Guerra Mundial había comprometido las importaciones de la industria pesada europea. Frente al desabastecimiento de las automotrices británicas, la alternativa era comprar automóviles usados en el continente (con volante a la izquierda) y transformarlos, con un costo de 100 valiosos dólares, para que pudieran ser usados en nuestro país. El Automóvil Club Argentino (A.C.A.) alzó la voz para proponer que el cambio de sentido se hiciera el jueves 5 de octubre de 1944. ¿Por qué el 5 de octubre? Porque desde 1928, cada 5 de octubre se celebra en la Argentina el Día del Camino. ¿Y por qué en la Argentina se celebra el Día del Camino? Porqu

Mujica, un marziano a Genova “Non si fa politica per soldi” L’ex presidente dell’Uruguay in Liguria sulle tracce degli antenati “I migranti che arrivano in Europa le fanno un favore: la svecchiano” Patrizia Albanese | 827 parole Scorte e lampeggianti? Ma quando mai. Arrivano quasi alla chetichella, in una giornata uggiosa. Non fosse per l’auto dell’ambasciata, che dal porto di Genova ieri mattina li ha discretamente portati fin quassù in Val Fontanabuona, sembrerebbero due turisti normali. Perdipiù con poco bagaglio. Già perché a José Alberto Mujica Cordano e a sua moglie Lucia Topolansky - sposata nel 2005 - non serve poi molto. Sebbene lui, figlio di emigranti liguri, fino al primo marzo fosse l’amatissimo presidente dell’Uruguay, del quale è tutt’ora senatore, al pari della moglie. Che non porta manco un gioiello, neppure la fede dopo le nozze. Pure quelle anomale. In stile col personaggio. Racconta, Lucia, sua compagna da quarant’anni: «Non mi ha fatto una dichiarazione, ha fatto un annuncio. In televisione, un giorno, ha comunicato che si sarebbe sposato. Io stavo ascoltando in cucina e l’ho saputo così…». Pausa. «Era sicuro che gli avrei detto sì». Sempre al suo fianco. Carcere compreso. Esperienza, che «Pepe» ricorda tranquillo perché gli «ha insegnato tanto» spiega puntandoti addosso gli occhi nerissimi e scintillanti. Sempre con un diktat: «Essere al servizio degli altri, questo è il significato della politica». Servizio alla società In Italia, veramente, mica tanto… Tra indagati e corrotti, la politica non appassiona. «Ah, no? È molto triste. E in cosa crede la gente?- domanda stupefatto - Se non si crede nel futuro non c’è niente. L’uomo è un animale politico. Diceva Aristotele, che non può vivere da solo, ma nella società. Tu come faresti senza penna e taccuino? Ci vuole qualcuno che li faccia. E che faccia vestiti, auto... Dipendiamo tutti dalla società. La politica è occuparsi della società e dei diritti». Lei da presidente ogni mese dei suoi 8.900 euro, ne devolveva 8.100 agli uruguaiani. Qui non va proprio così. Sospira: «La gente che ama troppo i soldi non deve entrare in politica. Che è servizio. È questa la felicità: servire la gente che ha bisogno. La bara non ha tasche per portarsi via i soldi». Lei e Lucia non avete mai abitato il palazzo presidenziale. «È un museo» scandisce mulinando il braccio verso il soffitto in legno dell’Osteria Fonte Bona, tre camere in tutto - e servizi al piano - dove l’ex presidente ha prenotato quindici giorni fa: online. E tanto per capire che in questa vallata è planato un marziano – anzi due – basti dire che il proprietario, Giovanni Bottino, dopo aver preparato il pranzo «a base di affettati, ravioli col tocco e vino “tinto”», ha lasciato amabilmente riposare «Pepe e Lucia». L’ex presidente è sbarcato «in cerca delle radici», della casa dei nonni materni, dopo una sosta a Muxyka, nei Paesi Baschi, terra paterna. Un viaggio-regalo, che dopo la Val Fontanabuona e Genova, porterà la coppia a Roma, dal Papa. I due mondi «Vedrò Francesco il 28. È il secondo incontro, con quest’uomo che si è spogliato di tutto». Credente? «No – replica divertito sotto i baffi alla Marquez – Ateo. Per il Cristianesimo la vita è una valle di lacrime. Non sono d’accordo: è bellissima. E il Paradiso è qua, è questa vita. Però, la religione aiuta a morire bene. Voglio parlare al Papa di molte cose. Principalmente della difficoltà d’integrazione tra tutti i Paesi dell’America Latina». Europa e Italia sono alle prese con i migranti e la strage dei barconi. «L’Europa diventerà caffelatte. Una miscela di razze – commenta placido – La soluzione non è combattere, ma andare in Africa ad aiutarli. L’Europa avrebbe dovuto farlo da tempo. Quanta ricchezza s’è presa dalle colonie? Poi li ha mollati… Non è giusto». Abbattere Saddam e Gheddafi? «Un errore enorme. La democraz

Según es posible apreciar en el Cuadro 1 y el Grá- fico 7, Argentina es el país que aplica más medidas proteccionistas que afectan a los otros miembros del bloque. Por su parte, Brasil es el más afectado por las medidas argentinas, seguido por Uruguay. Lo que resulta alarmante es que, si bien Uruguay aporta marginalmente al conglomerado de medidas proteccionistas del bloque (al igual que Paraguay), es el segundo país más afectado con el 28% del total de medidas. Por el contrario, Argentina que es el que más medidas proteccionistas aplica, resulta ser el país menos afectado (solamente el 10% del total).Además, como muestra el Cuadro 7, Argentina es el país del bloque que más medidas proteccionistas aplica en total, incluyendo también al resto del mundo. A las mencionadas medidas proteccionistas implementadas por Argentina, deben agregarse las dificultades para concretar importaciones de energía eléctrica desde Paraguay a través de Argentina, demoras en las decisiones relativas a la navegación y al dragado del canal Martín García, los problemas para la habilitación de dos terminales portuarias en Nueva Palmira y las controversias con relación a la difusión del monitoreo ambiental del río Uruguay. Ninguno de estos temas viola en sentido estricto los acuerdos internacionales, pero sí restringen la disponibilidad de recursos para sostener el crecimiento, e introducen incertidumbre sobre aspectos determinantes para la localización de inversiones en el país

Guimaráes Rosa en el Brasil, de Onetti en el Uruguay, de Carpentier en Cuba, de Rulfo en México.

Nastier than your hairy uncle’s armpits,” the youngsters of Uruguay groaned.

Eleven growers from Colorado to Germany have jumped at the chance to bid on pot farming licenses in Uruguay.

Nonetheless, the lower intensity of interstate war in Latin America did lead to some familiar outcomes. There was much less competitive pressure to consolidate strong national bureaucracies along French-Prussian lines prior to the arrival of mass political participation in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This meant that when the franchise was opened up in the early twentieth century, there was no “absolutist coalition” in place to protect the autonomy of national bureaucracies. The spread of democratic political competition created huge incentives in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, and other countries for democratic politicians to use clientelistic methods to recruit voters, and consequently to turn public administration into a piggy bank for political appointments. With the partial exceptions of Chile and Uruguay, countries in Latin America followed the paths of Greece and southern Italy and transformed nineteenth-century patronage politics into full-blown twentieth-century clientelism.

off the coast of Uruguay,

For every login to hell, there exists a logout to hope

La gente de Bután, por ejemplo. Y la gente de Seattle, y la del distrito Canelones del sur de Uruguay y la del Gran Ducado de Luxemburgo, y la de la isla Sur de Nueva Zelanda, lugares que Doob visitaría durante las dos semanas siguientes para recoger a las doncellas y a los chicos escogidos al azar. Lo harían si creían que eso iba a protegerlos.

año escolar tiene 243 días en Japón, 220 en Corea del Sur, 216 en Israel, 200 en Holanda, 200 en Tailandia y 180 en Estados Unidos, en los países latinoamericanos el año escolar —cuando se incluyen los días feriados, los “puentes” y las huelgas de maestros— suele ser de 160 días. En Uruguay el año escolar oficial

Charles Darwin pidió a su hermano que enviara un ejemplar a Uruguay, para que él pudiera recogerlo cuando el Beagle hiciera escala allí

In 1828, the Duke of Wellington, hero of Waterloo, became prime minister of the United Kingdom. In South America, Uruguay gained national independence. Japan suffered its second

El juego directo inglés se mantuvo predominante en Uruguay hasta la llegada en 1909 de John Harley, el mediocentro escocés. Antes de él se habían producido algunos pequeños escarceos en la misma dirección. El francés Carlos Mongay (Nacional) y el uruguayo Ceferino Camacho (Peñarol) fueron mediocentros que en 1905 ya insinuaban el concepto de apoyar a sus delanteros, pero solo lo insinuaban.24 Tres años más tarde, en el River Plate

One group of senior directors took an extravagant junket to Uruguay to kill doves. They especially loved killing doves. Why? It couldn’t have been the challenge. The group paid a Uruguayan farmer who had thousands of doves on his property to allow them to shoot there. One of the managers told me the air was so thick with doves that the hunting resembled a scene from Alfred Hitchcock’s movie The Birds.

hero of Waterloo, became prime minister of the United Kingdom. In South America, Uruguay gained national independence. Japan suffered its second-worst natural disaster in 1828, when the Siebold Typhoon killed ten thousand people. On May

George Bush's father (George H.W. Bush) came in as C.I.A. director the month following the Welch assassination. As Director he presided over the agency as they mounted a campaign throughout western Europe trying to make me appear to be a security threat, a traitor, a Soviet agent, a Cuban agent. All those sorts of things which led to my expulsion from five different NATO countries in the late 1970s. In fact it was all based on lies, and to think that I was responsible for the death of any C.I.A. people for their exposure is absolutely false. No one, as far as I know, of all those people who were exposed as C.I.A. people along with their operations, was ever even harassed or threatened. What happened was, their operations were disrupted and that was the purpose of what we were doing. We were right to do it then because the U.S. policy at the time, executed by the C.I.A., was to support murderous dictatorships around the world as in Vietnam, as in Greece, as in Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil; and that's only to name a few. We opposed that use of the U.S. intelligence service for those dirty operations- and I'm talking about regimes now that tortured and disappeared people by the thousands.

Idiots cannot be hypnotized. It is something to be remembered, that animals can be hypnotized, but idiots cannot be hypnotized. Animals may not have our kind of intelligence, but they have their kind of intelligence, they are not idiots. The idiot is one whose mind has not grown at all, who is zero. He cannot understand what is being said, where it is going to lead him, and why he should do it. Intelligent conversation is impossible. The idiot looks like man, but inside he is far behind even the animals.

Knowing life authentically means you also know that it is immortal. The knowledge of its immortality is intrinsic. It is not something informed, from outside. Just living your true being in totality you slowly, slowly become aware of the immortal current of life within you. You know the body will die, but this soul, which is life's whole essence, cannot die. In existence nothing is destructible. And it is not something to believe in, it is a scientific truth that you cannot destroy anything. You cannot destroy even a small piece of stone. Whatever you do it will remain in some form or other. Science enquires into the objective world and finds that even objective reality is immortal. Religion works exactly like science in the inner world and finds the dancing life is intrinsically immortal.

The Uruguayan kid was well-spoken and intelligent; he was a 21-year-old Rasta kid from Montevideo. His name was Cristobal. He seemed really interested in the products and wanted to find a job, saying that if he did not find one soon he would have to leave his girlfriend behind in Barcelona and go back to Uruguay. He had a gorgeous Spanish girlfriend; he showed me a picture, I had met her once. She was so hot, I did not even know how he had gotten close to her. So, I thought the kid had the right motives and the necessary motivation to do this job. His situation was not really that different from mine. He was kind and soft-spoken; he had innocent eyes. You could tell by his voice that he was a good person and would not do anything wrong, not even if he was forced to. I was sure he was not a Silvio-like Spaniard thief who would dare go wild stealing orders and collecting full money for half-delivered products. Silvio might even have involved the store owners, the alleged clients, in the scam to squeeze more products out of poor fool Adam, „The Goof-Proof.

El colmo de lo extraño: que rodeado de objetos, casas, mundo, galaxias y cientos de millones de personas este ser sea tan extraordinariamente importante que dice: «Yo» y él solo es eso y nadie más. Más nadie.

Yogurt is good for you. And it’s just one spoon,” Sharpcot had replied, but this stack summoned a billion voices, all of them saying in a chorus, “Just one spoon.” From kids’ lunches and store shelves and desk drawers and airline meal packs, in every country of the world: Canada and the United States and Nicaragua and Uruguay and Argentina and Ireland and Burkina Faso and Russia and Papua New Guinea and New Zealand and very probably the Antarctic. Where wasn’t there disposable cutlery? Plastic spoons in endless demand, in endless supply, from factory floors where they are manufactured and packaged in boxes of 10 or 20 or 100 or 1000 or individually in clear wrap, boxed on skids and trucked to trains freighting them to port cities and onto giant container ships plying the seas to international ports to intercity transport trucks to retail delivery docks for grocery stores and retail chains, supplying restaurants and homes, consumers moving them from shelf to cart to bag to car to house, where they are stuck in the lunches of the children of polluting parents, or used once each at a birthday party to serve ice cream to four-year-olds where only some are used but who knows which? So used and unused go together in the trash, or every day one crammed into a hipster’s backpack to eat instant pudding at his software job in an open-concept walkup in a gentrified neighbourhood, or handed out from food trucks by the harbour, or set in a paper cup at a Costco table for customers to sample just one bite of this exotic new flavour, and so they go into trash bins and dumpsters and garbage trucks and finally vast landfill sites or maybe just tossed from the window of a moving car or thrown over the rail of a cruise ship to sink in the ocean deep.

When he was a kid he had read the Greek myth of Theseus and the minotaur, which hinged on the premise that the people of Athens had somehow been persuaded to select seven maidens and seven boys by lot, every few years, and send them to Crete to serve as monster chow. This had always struck him as the weakest point of what was otherwise a great yarn. Who would do that? Who would choose their kids by lot and send them to such a fate? The people of Bhutan, that was who. And the people of Seattle and of the Canelones district of southern Uruguay and of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the South Island of New Zealand, all of which Doob was scheduled to visit in the next two weeks to collect the maidens and the boys they had chosen by lot. They would do it if they could be made to believe it would protect them.

Tengo la esperanza de que algún día me despojaré de este cuerpo como una caparazón inútil, acaso a la espera de una nueva caparazón" Cuentos Completos II

Varias repúblicas han caído en poder de tales o cuales nombres; algunos de éllos, constituidos en “dueños del suelo y sus habitantes”: Juan Manuel de Rosas en la Argentina; Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia en el Paraguay, Jean Pierre Boyer, en Haití y la República Dominicana, a la que ha invadido ¡y en la cual se quedará veintidós años! En otras, se han erguido hombres fuertes, erigidos en indispensables: José Antonio Páez, en Venezuela –irá al poder en tres lapsos–; Agustín Gamarra, en el Perú; Joaquín Prieto, en Chile; el binomio Flores-Rocafuerte, en el Ecuador; Santa Anna, en México; Fructuoso Rivera, en el Uruguay; Francisco Morazán en las “Provincias Unidas del Centro de América”; en Bolivia, Andrés Santa Cruz. ¡Qué superabundancia de militares en el poder; casi todos son Generales o Mariscales! La guerra, obra de ejércitos, se ha vuelto predominio de los rectores de tropas, con desalojo de los civiles. Obvio era que fueran gastándose contiendas: la de Chile y el Perú, por causa de la Confederación Perú-Boliviana; la de segunda independencia de la República Dominicana, para liberarle al país de la dominación haitiana; la del Pacífico –Chile contra Bolivia y el Perú–; la Federal, en Venezuela; la de Rosas y el Uruguay (sitio de Montevideo); la de los argentinos y Rosas; la de la Triple Alianza –Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay contra Paraguay–; la del Ecuador para expulsarle a Flores; la de México y los Estados Unidos, por la posesión de Texas. Sobre esta última escribirá Rodríguez (carta al coronel Anselmo Pineda): “¡Los angloamericanos se han tragado a México como un pastelito!”.

Before the coup life in Uruguay had never clung to clock time. [...] Not so now. Martial law breeds martial time. You become precise to stay within the lines of safety - or rather what you pretend are lines of safety, since those parameters could stop working at any moment.

anything

In 1828, the Duke of Wellington, hero of Waterloo, became prime minister of the United Kingdom. In South America, Uruguay gained national independence. Japan suffered its second-worst natural disaster in 1828, when the Siebold Typhoon killed ten thousand people. On May 26, 1828, in Nuremburg, Germany, a mysterious child named Kaspar Hauser made headlines when he appeared out of nowhere, walking the streets in a daze. In the United States, Andrew Jackson defeated John Quincy Adams in one of the bitterest presidential elections in American history. Jackson's candidacy established a new political party: the Democratic Party.

In 1828, the Duke of Wellington, hero of Waterloo, became prime minister of the United Kingdom. In South America, Uruguay gained national independence. Japan suffered its second-worst natural disaster in 1828, when the Siebold Typhoon killed ten

The Uruguay Round lasted from 1986 to 1994. As Figure 22 shows, the really original element in this phase was the rapid tariff cutting by poor nations. It is important to note, however, that this developing-nation liberalization had nothing to do with the GATT since the “don’t obey, don’t object” principle was still in operation. Instead, these reductions were the beginning of a revolution in developing-nation attitudes that are really part of Phase Four and the effort by poor nations to attract offshore factories and jobs (as will be discussed in Chapter 3).

1828, the Duke of Wellington, hero of Waterloo, became prime minister of the United Kingdom. In South America, Uruguay gained national independence. Japan suffered its second-worst natural disaster in 1828, when the Siebold Typhoon killed ten thousand people. On May 26, 1828, in Nuremburg, Germany, a mysterious child named Kaspar Hauser made headlines when he appeared out of nowhere, walking the streets in a daze. In the United States, Andrew Jackson defeated John Quincy Adams in one of the bitterest presidential elections in American history. Jackson's candidacy established a new political

Sus funerales fueron extraordinarios. El presidente del Uruguay presidió su duelo. Todo el día 26 los cañones retumbaron proclamando el luto nacional y le discernieron honores de ministro de Estado, llamándole “el príncipe de los poetas continentales” y “el más grande lírico de América”.

Las jóvenes corrían despavoridas por las calles de Colonia del Sacramento, aullando de terror con sus ropas desgarradas. Los saqueadores arrasaban con todo lo que encontraban. El cielo parecía cobrar vida con el relumbre de los incendios. Ni siquiera la iglesia se libró de los desmanes, ya que en ella se celebró la victoria con orgías y borracheras. Días después, la escuadra de mercenarios italianos, con sus talegos rebosantes de oro y plata, leva anclas y se interna en el río Uruguay. Al llegar a Gualeguaychú repiten el saqueo. El pueblo estaba desguarnecido y fue fácil para los italianos que actuaban a las órdenes de la escuadra anglofrancesa que en octubre de 1845 invadía las Provincias Unidas del Río de la Plata desarrollar sin inconvenientes su cruel codicia y su lujuria. El jefe mercenario de esta horda salteadora era Giuseppe Garibaldi, que años más tarde se constituiría en el héroe de la unidad italiana y prócer nacional de Italia.

Pero no eran esos los que querían eliminarlo. Había cuestiones más profundas. Lograda la independencia, cada zona de lucha afrontó sus propios problemas. La Argentina padeció la desmembración de su territorio en tres puntos: la provincia del Paraguay, que se constituyó en República aparte; la oriental del Uruguay, que hizo lo propio; y las dos del Norte, que entraron a integrar, con dos peruanas, la nación Bolivia. La región centroamericana separada de México y rota su unidad, se volverá cinco países. La isla de Haití, fraccionada, hará dos Repúblicas. Y el gran bloque colombiano, estructurado por Bolívar en 1819, en Angostura, está en este momento –mayo de 1830– reduciéndose a pedazos. Venezuela se ha separado ya, radicalmente; el Ecuador acaba de constituirse en soberanía propia, regida por el venezolano Juan José Flores. ¿Quiénes se opusieron a esa desmembración? Bolívar y Sucre. El primero, contra el cual no alcanzaron éxito los puñales en la “noche septembrina” va al destierro –la muerte no le permitirá pasar de San Pedro Alejandrino, en la Nueva Granada–, entregado el poder al nuevo Presidente, el general

Siempre hay alguien que está peor, como concluía Esopo. Y hasta peorísimo, como concluyo yo.

Cuando me siento cursi, me desprecio un poquito, y eso es malísimo. Porque nunca es bueno despreciarse, a menos que existan razones fundamentadas, que no es mi caso.

But we have to be honest that autocratic industrial socialism has been a disaster for the environment, as evidenced most dramatically by the fact that carbon emissions briefly plummeted when the economies of the former Soviet Union collapsed in the early 1990s. And Venezuela's petro-populism is a reminder that there is nothing inherently green about self-defined socialism. Let's acknowledge this fact, while also pointing out that countries with strong democratic-socialist traditions (like Denmark, Sweden, and Uruguay) have some of the most visionary environmental policies in the world. From this we can conclude that socialism isn't necessarily ecological, but that a new form of democratic eco-socialism, with the humility to learn from Indigenous teachings about the duties to future generations and the Interconnection of all life, appears to be humanity's best shot at collective survival.

Uruguay, with about 88% of its population white and descended from Europeans, and only 4% black and 8% mestizo, is more European than the present United States.

The most heartening response came not from the book pages in the press but from real incidents in the streets. The girl who was quietly reading Open Veins to her companion in a bus in Bogotá, and finally stood up and read it aloud to all the passengers. The woman who fled from Santiago in the days of the Chilean bloodbath with this book wrapped inside her baby's diapers. The student who went from one bookstore to another for a week in Buenos Aires's Calle Corrientes, reading bits of it in each store because he hadn't the money to buy it. And the most favorable reviews came not from any prestigious critic but from the military dictatorships that praised the book by banning it. For example, Open Veins is unobtainable either in my country, Uruguay, or in Chile; in Argentina the authorities denounced it on TV and in the press as a corrupter of youth, As Blas de Otero remarked, "They don't let people see what I write because I write what I see.

The most heartening response came not from the book pages in the press but from real incidents in the streets. The girl who was quietly reading Open Veins to her companion in a bus in Bogotá, and finally stood up and read it aloud to all the passengers. The woman who fled from Santiago in the days of the Chilean bloodbath with this book wrapped inside her baby's diapers. The student who went from one bookstore to another for a week in Buenos Aires's Calle Corrientes, reading bits of it in each store because he hadn't the money to buy it. And the most favorable reviews came not from any prestigious critic but from the military dictatorships that praised the book by banning it. For example, Open Veins is unobtainable either in my country, Uruguay, or in Chile; in Argentina the authorities denounced it on TV and in the press as a corrupter of youth, As Blas de Otero remarked, "They don't let people see what I write because I write what I see.

Pew Research Centre, a self-described “fact tank” based in Washington.* This found that only 69% of adult Latin Americans are now Catholics, down from 92% in 1970. Protestants now account for 19%, up from 4%. Over the same period the share of those with no religious affiliation has grown from 1% to 8%—though most of these people still believe in God. Pew’s study finds sharp variations from country to country. In four Central American countries—El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua—barely half of the population is still Catholic. Though 61% of Brazilian respondents say they are Catholic, 26% are now Protestant. In many other countries there are still firm Catholic majorities. Whatever their denomination, most Latin Americans remain deeply religious. Only Uruguay stands out as a bastion of secularism—a tradition dating back more than a century. Two things distinguish Latin American Protestantism. First, it is mainly a result of conversion (see chart). Second, two-thirds of Latin American Protestants define themselves as Pentecostal. Much more often than Catholics, they report having direct experience of the Holy Spirit, such as through exorcism or speaking in tongues. Indeed, the words “evangelical” and “Protestant” are used interchangeably in the region. Pew finds that Latin American Protestants are conservative on social and sexual issues, such as gay marriage and abortion. As Catholics become more liberal on such questions, that points to looming American-style “culture wars”.

Preface In 1828, the Duke of Wellington, hero of Waterloo, became prime minister of the United Kingdom. In South America, Uruguay gained national independence. Japan suffered its second-worst natural disaster in 1828, when the Siebold Typhoon killed ten thousand people. On May

...we are part of one existence. Whomsoever you are hurting, you are hurting yourself in the long run. Today you may not realize it, but one day when you will become more aware, then you will say, "My God! This wound was inflicted by me -- upon myself." You had hurt somebody else thinking that people are different. Nobody is different. This whole existence is one cosmic unity. Out of this understanding comes nonviolence.