“
Semmelweis had found nothing that could plausibly explain the catastrophic results in Ward 1—his own workplace. “Everything was in question; everything seemed inexplicable,” he wrote. “Only the large number of deaths was an unquestionable reality.” Flummoxed, the young doctor—still only three years out of medical school—took a break. In March 1847, he left for a holiday in Venice. He returned two and a half weeks later, with, he reported, “rejuvenated vigor.” That’s when he learned that one of his favorite teachers, the pathologist Jakob Kolletschka, had died. Semmelweis wanted to know how this previously healthy man had gone so swiftly, so over the next few days he retraced the sequence of events that ended in Kolletschka’s death. It had started in the autopsy room. Assisted by students, Kolletschka was dissecting a cadaver. One of them nicked his professor’s finger with a surgical knife. The wound became inflamed, affecting nearby veins. Whatever was happening at the site of the injury kept on moving, traveling from the skin into other organs. When Kolletschka’s corpse was itself examined, the full extent of the damage became clear: his final illness had invaded his heart, the abdomen, his lungs, the membrane around his brain, even erupting in one eye. The scene within that body’s open cavity would have been grotesque, and grimly familiar. “I could see clearly,” Semmelweis recalled, that what had killed his mentor “was identical to that from which so many maternity patients died.
”
”
Thomas Levenson (So Very Small: How Humans Discovered the Microcosmos, Defeated Germs--and May Still Lose the War Against Infectious Disease)