Paxman Quotes

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What about you, this week? First you completely ignore me like some Hitler Youth ice-maiden, then you turn into an irresistible sex kitten, looking at me over the computer with not so much ‘come-to-bed’ as just ‘come’ eyes, and now suddenly you’re Jeremy Paxman.” We
Helen Fielding (Bridget Jones's Diary (Bridget Jones, #1))
... instead of trying to grapple with the implications of the story of empire, the British seem to have decided just to ignore it... the most corrosive part of this amnesia is a sense that because the nation is not what it was, it can never be anything again.
Jeremy Paxman (Empire)
Because the English do not consume significantly more alcohol than other European peoples, this booziness must be something to do with the way in which they drink. George Steiner once told me, ‘You’d never find Sartre in an English café for two reasons. A: No Sartre. B: No café.’ He is right. The collapse of British imperial power produced no explosion of creative thought to match that of Vienna in the dying days of the Habsburg Empire – Freud, Brahms, Mahler and Klimt and the rest – and one of the reasons may perhaps be to do with the lack of a café society. Marxism was a café phenomenon until it gained power.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Outside, on a February afternoon, a middle-aged blonde clatters by, pulling her coat tighter around her. ‘Ooh, isn’t it cold?’ she says, to no one in particular. There is a faintly Russian look to her dyed hair, with the roots showing black at the parting, and for a moment I wonder whether the Russians ever tried to infiltrate the Met Office, which is still classified as part of the country’s defence system. But she cannot be Russian: no true Russian would think it worth saying it was cold in February. It’s how things are in Russia in winter. No, the capacity for infinite surprise at the weather is distinctly English.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
There was a general tendency to ascribe almost any irregular or bad behaviour to the French. [...] A tonsil-tickling embrace is still known as a French kiss, as if somehow it would never have occurred to an English person to stick their tongue into another person's mouth if the French hadn't invented it.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Riding is about bending it to your will, and public riding is to demonstrate that authority.
Jeremy Paxman (On Royalty)
Churchill once explained... ‘a great battle is lost: parliament turns out the Government. A great battle is won- crowds cheer the Queen.
Jeremy Paxman (On Royalty)
Politically, kings became figures of no importance. Yet those that survived possessed a quality which politicians can peruse for years and still never acquire. They had the vital attribute of legitimacy because they occupied a role they had never striven for- one, furthermore, which would continue when they and their prime ministers were long gone.
Jeremy Paxman (On Royalty)
The central difficulty for royalty when it comes to political matters is that they are somehow expected to be in the world and yet not of it, to speak for their people and yet to have nothing to say until someone writes it for them. To be, in short, an empty vessel.
Jeremy Paxman (On Royalty)
The most striking characteristic is the combination of slavish devotion and intellectual condescension... they are grander than we are and yet they are also subservient to us.
Jeremy Paxman (On Royalty)
The central conundrum of the new mass-media age could be summarised as to how to retain a distance while appearing intimate- for distance without intimacy nourishes public hostility, while intimacy without distance destroys respect.
Jeremy Paxman (On Royalty)
They keep the position of head of state out of the hands of those who want it just to gratify their ambition.
Jeremy Paxman (On Royalty)
An Englishman thinks he is moral when he is only being uncomfortable. GEORGE BERNARD SHAW, Man and Superman
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
But what is perhaps most curious about the English experience is the way in which a belief that they had been chosen by God could have produced a version of religion so temporizing, pliable and undogmatic. After all, orthodox Judaism, which is built upon the assertion that the Jews are the chosen people, is one of the most demanding, prescriptive religions on earth. But there is scarcely anything prescriptive about the Church of England.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
The doctor begins his seduction with the classic English gambit of commenting on the weather.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
The most characteristic English statement about belief is ‘Well, I’m not particularly religious’, faintly embarrassed by the suggestion that there might be something more to life. It sometimes seems the Church of England thinks God is just the ultimate ‘good chap’.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Small wonder that so many English writers have preferred the dramatic certainties of Catholicism. You simply couldn’t write a novel like Graham Greene’s The Power and the Glory about a church built on the conviction that anything can be settled over a cup of tea.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
In Ralph Waldo Emerson’s ‘English Traits’ I came across a meteorological explanation of the Englishman’s character. ‘Born in a harsh and wet climate, which keeps him indoors whenever he is at rest,’ he writes, ‘domesticity is the taproot which enables the nation to branch wide and high. The motive and end of their trade is to guard the independence and privacy of their homes.’9 I wondered whether the English weather might really be the key.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Odette Keun was overcome by the small civilities that punctuated every transaction. ‘The matter, the real matter, with these people’, she decided, ‘is that they are polite … Courtesy, kindness, obligingness, tolerance, moderation, self-control, fair play, a cheerful temper, pleasant manners, calmness, stoicism, and an extremely high degree of social civilisation, these are the adorable things I discovered in the English.’ But they came with a price. A born tendency to compromise meant they were incapable of making up their minds. And worse, they were insufferable snobs.16 (Miss Keun claimed to have stood in front of a public lavatory that proclaimed GENTLEMEN ONE PENNY; MEN FREE and round the corner LADIES ONE PENNY; WOMEN FREE. As she stood gasping at the implications of this urinary caste system, she was comforted to be approached by a policeman who asked if she was short of a penny.)
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
The English at least have the saving grace of being able to laugh at themselves. Which must be based upon a profound self-assurance. Since the performance of the state as a whole has been less than impressive in the last five decades, its roots must be in the individual. The English do not take pride in the achievements of their governments: they know they consist at best of ‘characters’ and at worst of charlatans. If a British Prime Minister appeared on television and began addressing them as American Presidents address their people (‘Mah feller Mericans’ as Richard Nixon used to say) their audience would fall about laughing.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
It could produce the most extraordinary consequences, as the life of C. B. Fry demonstrates. The son of a chief accountant at Scotland Yard, he had played in the FA Cup before he left Repton School in 1890 and appeared for Surrey county cricket team in the time between school and university (Oxford, inevitably, and the top scholarship at Wadham College). By the time of his graduation, he had represented the university at cricket, soccer and athletics, tied the world long-jump record at 23 feet 6½ inches, and only missed playing wing three-quarter for the Oxford rugby team because of injury. He managed, in passing, to win a first in classics.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
If you are Pakistani or Indian you might just as well commit suicide when the team is humiliated; if you’re West Indian, you might feel the world has fallen apart when things go wrong at the Oval. But these are countries where cricket is one of the leading suppliers of national pride. In England, you don’t support cricket teams, you follow them. It’s the game you support, not the team.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Authors like Martin Amis, Peter Ackroyd or Julian Barnes engage with metropolitan subject-matter, but the books that sell by the container-load are historical romances. The upper classes may have lost their political power, but they still manage to set the social tone and determine the aspirations of the ambitious.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
It followed that if a man was to maintain his position, the woman of the house could not be seen to go out to work. (One consequence of the need to preserve the appearance of prosperity on one income was that the husband and father figure was obliged to work longer and longer hours to earn the means to keep the family afloat, becoming in the process the distant, cold figure of caricature.)
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
It takes some believing, but it was not until 1869 that Emily Davies founded Girton as a Cambridge college for women, and when, in 1896, the university came to vote on whether women should be allowed to face examinations for degrees, The Times printed train timetables, to enable London-based graduates to travel to Cambridge to vote against the proposition. The university did not allow women full membership until 1948.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
in fact, as a woman, I have no country
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
We could start by considering what the English have given the world. And here is the first problem. For the greatest legacy the English have bequeathed the rest of humanity is their language. When an Icelander meets a Peruvian, each reaches for his English. Even in the Second World War, when the foundations were being laid for the Axis pact between Germany, Japan and Italy, Yosuke Matsuoka was negotiating for the Emperor in English. It is the medium of technology, science, travel and international politics. Three quarters of the world’s mail is written in English, four fifths of all data stored on computers is in English and the language is used by two thirds of the world’s scientists.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
In a vast open-plan office, notable for its astonishing quiet (in an hour and a half not a single telephone rings), the Oxford lexicographers try to keep track of how the language is changing. Desktop screens flash with messages from lookouts across the English-speaking world, bringing news of new coinings. An informant has contacted them to report what she thinks is the first sighting of the expression ‘bad hair day’. It turns out to have been in a newspaper in Seattle. A correspondent in Cambridge, Massachusetts, has discovered a hitherto unknown early use of ‘Maltese’, predating anything in the dictionary. A subdued excitement follows.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
The moment a Frenchman opens his mouth, he declares his identity. The French speak French. The English speak a language which belongs to no one.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Diana’s death was tragic, as any sudden death in the prime of life is tragic. But was it any more tragic than that of any of the numberless thousands of young men and women whose short lives are commemorated on war memorials in every village and town in the land? Diana was beautiful, manipulative, compassionate, and had died enjoying the life of a rich nightclubber. Yet she had somehow become an underdog and you cannot exaggerate English sympathy for the underdog.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
No one thought it odd that at her funeral Elton John should perform a reworking of the song he had originally composed as hero-worship to Marilyn Monroe, for she too was an icon for a secular age and in the end icons of that kind are interchangeable.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
But to most of the English, their history is just that, history. The contrast is with Scotland or Ireland, where every self-respecting adult considers themselves to belong to an unbroken tradition stretching back to the wearing of woad: oppressed peoples remember their history.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
I believe in God,” says my nan, in a way that makes the idea of an omnipotent, unifying frequency of energy manifesting matter from pure consciousness sound like a chore. An unnecessary chore at that, like cleaning under the fridge. I tell her, plucky little seven-year-old that I was, that I don’t. This pisses her off. Her faith in God is not robust enough to withstand the casual blasphemy of an agnostic tot. “Who do you think made the world, then?” I remember her demanding as fiercely as Jeremy Paxman would later insist I provide an instant global infrastructure for a post-revolutionary utopia. “Builders,” I said, thinking on my feet. This flummoxed her and put her in a bad mood for the rest of the walk. If she’d hit back with “What about construction at a planetary or galactic level?” she’d’ve had me on the ropes. At that age I wouldn’t’ve been able to riposte with “an advanced species of extraterrestrials who we have been mistakenly ascribing divine attributes to due to our own technological limitations” or “a spontaneous cosmic combustion that contained at its genesis the code for all subsequent astronomical, chemical, and biological evolution.” I probably would’ve just cried. Anyway, I’m supposed to be explaining the power of forgiveness, not gloating about a conflict in the early eighties in which I fared well against an old lady. Since getting clean from drugs and alcohol I have been taught that I played a part in the manufacture of all the negative beliefs and experiences from my past and I certainly play a part in their maintenance. I now look at my nan in another way. As a human being just like me, trying to cope with her own flaws and challenges. Fearful of what would become of her sick daughter, confused by the grandchild born of a match that she was averse to. Alone and approaching the end of her life, with regret and lacking a functioning system of guidance and comfort. Trying her best. Taking on the responsibility of an unusual little boy with glib, atheistic tendencies, she still behaved dutifully. Perhaps this very conversation sparked in me the spirit of metaphysical inquiry that has led to the faith in God I now have.
Russell Brand (Revolution)
Способность к лицемерию у этого народа, всегда любившего заявлять, что англичане - народ прямой, просто поражает.
Jeremy Paxman (English - Portrait Of A People)
Вот в чем беда с окружающим миром. Он постоянно вторгается в домашний уют.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Когда богатых становится больше, люди начинают говорить о своих правах, и это поняли тираны по всему миру.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Одна из причин, почему англичане никогда особенно не интересовались ни фашизмом, ни коммунизмом, в том, что они обладают весьма здравым скептицизмом относительно того, чего может достичь государство.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Явись Господь Бог в Англию и начни излагать свои убеждения, знаете, что ему скажут? Ему скажут: "О, да будет вам! - Джордж Стайнер
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
But Faiers had decided that you didn’t have to be English to be ‘English’. ‘The actor James Stewart, for example, he was American, but he had Englishness. He didn’t brag about himself. He wasn’t pushy. He had one wife all his life. You could trust him with your wallet. That’s English.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Agatha Christie’s first Miss Marple novel, Murder at the Vicarage, published in 1930, even included maps of the nameless village where a retired colonel is murdered in the study. The abundance of 1930s thrillers in which colonels are done to death in picturesque hamlets – the ‘Mayhem Parva’ school of writing as Colin Watson puts it – have a very particular kind of village in mind. It is in the Home Counties, ‘where there’s a church, a village inn, very handy for the odd Scotland Yard inspector and his man who come to stay for the regularly recurring crimes’.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
How else can one explain the survival of so much that is so utterly pointless – barristers’ wigs, bearskins, an unelected House of Lords, flummeries from the Trooping the Colour to Swan-upping, or archaic-sounding offices of state like Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster or Warden of the Cinque Ports? In the end, it gets to everyone: those who start their adulthood in passionate argument for modernization end up dreaming of a seat in the House of Lords.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
The sons of those who had survived the horrors of the trenches were marching off to war again, singing, There’ll always be an England While there’s a country lane, Wherever there’s a cottage small Beside a field of grain.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
The silly slogan used for selling this new country was ‘Cool Britannia’, at which any truly cool person could only wince or shudder: when middle-aged politicians embrace youth culture they always get it wrong.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
An abundance of other English versions of the Bible had followed Tyndale’s original, many affectionately identified by their misprints – the Place-maker’s Bible (‘Blessed are the place-makers’), the Wicked Bible, in which the seventh commandment lost its ‘not’ and became ‘Thou shalt commit adultery’, the Murderers’ Bible (a misprint for ‘murmurers’), the Breeches Bible (Adam and Eve made themselves trousers), the Bug Bible (‘thou shalt not nede to be afrayed for eny bugges by night’), the Standing Fishes Bible (instead of ‘fishers’ standing on the river bank), the Vinegar Bible (instead of the ‘Parable of the Vineyard’).
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
But they were not in any meaningful sense religious, the Church of England being a political invention which had elevated being ‘a good chap’ to something akin to canonization.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
(I had been particularly taken by a scene in The Old Country where Hilary, the spy who has defected to Moscow, muses about England: ‘We’re conceived in irony. We float in it from the womb. It’s the amniotic fluid. It’s the silver sea. It’s the waters at their priest-like task, washing away guilt and purpose and responsibility. Joking but not joking. Caring but not caring. Serious but not serious.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Before it was necessary for foreign visitors to reverence the British Empire, one visitor after another commented on the remarkable vanity of the English. In 1497, a Venetian noticed that ‘the English are great lovers of themselves, and of everything belonging to them; they think that there are no other men than themselves and no other world but England; and whenever they see a handsome foreigner they say “he looks like an Englishman” and that “it is a great pity that he should not be an Englishman
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
What does this paucity of national symbols mean? You could argue that it demonstrates a certain self-confidence. No English person can look at the swearing of allegiance that takes place in American schools every day without feeling bewilderment: that sort of public declaration of patriotism seems so, well, naïve. When an Irishman wears a bunch of shamrock on St Patrick’s Day, the English look on with patronizing indulgence: scarcely anyone sports a rose on St George’s Day. This worldly wisdom soon elides into a general view that any public display of national pride is not merely unsophisticated but somehow morally reprehensible. George Orwell noticed it as long ago as 1948 when he wrote that In left-wing circles it is always felt that there is something slightly disgraceful in being an Englishman, and that it is a duty to snigger at every English institution, from horse-racing to suet puddings. It is a strange fact, but it is unquestionably true, that almost any English intellectual would feel more ashamed of standing to attention during ‘God Save the King’ than of stealing from a poor box.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
The popular novelist E. M. Delafield gave it as her belief that the English Creed included four elements: firstly that ‘God is an Englishman, probably educated at Eton, secondly that all good women are naturally frigid, thirdly that it is better to be dowdy than smart’, and lastly that ‘England is going to rack and ruin’. When Nirad Chaudhuri visited England in 1955, he told a politician how welcoming and civilized he found the country. ‘You are seeing it at a very favourable time,’ came the Eeyoreish reply.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
The animosity in the English terms reflects a bizarre schizophrenia about the French people.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Once away from home, a good thrashing was accepted as an essential part of the process of turning out a gentleman. The champion flogger was the Reverend Dr John Keate, appointed headmaster of Eton in 1809, who beat an average of ten boys each day (excluding his day of rest on Sundays). On 30 June 1832 came his greatest achievement, the thrashing of over eighty of his pupils. At the end of this marathon, the boys stood and cheered him. It says something about the spirit of these places that he was later able to tell some of the school’s old boys of his regret that he hadn’t flogged them more often.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
To believe that any intellectual position is worth dying or killing for is a leap no English academic could make. It is a cliché that there are no intellectuals in England. It is also untrue. But if you are going to be an intellectual in England, you had better do it discreetly, and certainly not call yourself an intellectual. It does not do to grow passionate about your beliefs or to believe that every problem has a solution.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
There is a deep social contract with tolerance and an instinctive distrust of cleverness or eloquence. If the Lord God came to England and started expounding his beliefs, you know what they’d say? They’d say ‘Oh, come off it!
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
Above all, the system had prized integrity above intellect; ‘learning and cultivation of the mind come last, character, heart, courage, strength and physical address are in the first rank’.
Jeremy Paxman (The English: A Portrait of a People)
The Dickens essay was an attempt to worry away at why he was such a successful writer and is the longest in this collection. But it is infused with the same spirit of personal engagement as everything else. It is that amazing ability to make you believe that you would have felt as he [George Orwell] felt that is his genius.
Jeremy Paxman (Shooting an Elephant)
The Seven Years War of 1756–63 has often been considered the first ‘world war’. It certainly shares its European origins with the First and Second World Wars. But it might also be considered the point at which the British recognized the extent to which their destiny lay not in Europe but elsewhere.
Jeremy Paxman (Empire: What Ruling the World Did to the British)
Everything human … has its period: nations, like mortal men, advance only to decline; dismembered empire and diminished glory mark a crisis in the constitution;
Jeremy Paxman (Empire: What Ruling the World Did to the British)
En el otoño de 1995 Ivonne Ortega Pacheco tenía 23 años y no había terminado la secundaria cuando salió de su casa en Dzemul, una ciudad de 3 mil habitantes, para viajar a Mérida y tocarle la puerta a Víctor Cervera Pacheco, un tío lejano nacido en el mismo pueblo, un priista viejo del que había escuchado grandes proezas.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Cervera, un hombre ridículamente austero, instauró su uniforme de gobernador: pantalón caqui, guayabera blanca y botas de trabajo. Cuando viajaba a la Ciudad de México y debía vestir traje, era un sufrimiento. Nunca comía fuera del Palacio de Gobierno o de su casa. Viajaba en clase turista y se movía en una antigua combi con la única compañía del Coli, su mozo-chofer-valet-guardaespaldas, un veterano trabajador de la familia. Le causaban conflicto los asuntos familiares que se entreveraban con su gobierno. Le pidió a su esposa, la abogada Hernández, que renunciara a su carrera en el Poder Judicial, pero ella se resistió. A finales de los años ochenta, cuando Hernández construyó una nueva propiedad a dos calles de donde vivían, el gobernador se negó a habitarla y desde entonces durmió en casa de su suegro.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
En 2010, el último año de Marín, Pemex registró 49 tomas clandestinas en todo el estado; en 2016 la empresa estatal contabilizó 1 533. En tan sólo un año (2015) la paraestatal estimó que el combustible robado en Puebla representó pérdidas de 1 229 millones de pesos, 41% del total estimado en pérdidas por sustracción ilegal de combustible en todo el país.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
No todo esto se debió a Alemán. Más bien, el gobierno de Cárdenas ofreció exenciones para proteger las valiosas plantaciones frutales de banano, café, cacao y sisal de la reforma agraria. Alemán se limitó a utilizar estos decretos, que tenían una importancia significativa para Veracruz y sus terratenientes más ricos, en su beneficio.26
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
a mediados de la década de 1940 Pemex se había convertido en un lastre ineficiente para una economía que experimentaba una depresión temporal después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
mientras los gobiernos locales no recauden ellos mismos la parte fundamental de lo que gastan y se hagan responsables de ello ante sus electores, en tanto los programas sociales estén diseñados como instrumentos de reparto clientelista y no existan derechos universalmente exigibles por la ciudadanía, los incentivos institucionales seguirán propiciando la existencia de autócratas locales depredadores con un horizonte temporal de seis años.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Díaz Ordaz inició una campaña para quitar a Uruchurtu del camino, buscando debilidades en sus acciones
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Uruchurtu tampoco estuvo nunca muy entusiasmado con que la sede de los Juegos Olímpicos de 1968 fuera la Ciudad de México, debido a las obras que este evento requería. Ante esta situación, fue claro que toda la obra pública indispensable para las olimpiadas comenzaría después de que él abandonara el gobierno.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Fidel fue su único jefe político, su guía, patrón, gurú, tlatoani. Y él lo resolvía con un principio: lo que en política se compra con dinero, sale barato. Así que ésa es la forma que Javier Duarte aprendió de hacer política. Y luego está la impunidad: nadie le puso el alto, ni aquí ni en el gobierno federal. Todos se volvieron cómplices. Todos sabían que algo sucio estaba pasando y siguieron en el gabinete. Él tenía a la Iglesia católica, a legisladores halagándolo. Llegó un momento en el que él decía: “Después de Dios, yo”.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Nada mejor que las historias de los gobernadores que en México ha habido para entender la naturaleza del federalismo mexicano. Desde su origen, en la malhadada Constitución de 1824, el federalismo ha sido más la formalización del control de los caudillos y caciques que la expresión de un arreglo constitucional representativo.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Desde la eclosión del opio para satisfacer la demanda estadounidense a partir de los años cuarenta, el narcotráfico ha sido un elemento presente en el ejercicio del poder en los estados productores o de tránsito.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
La firmeza de Fabela contra el grupo de diputados opositores marcó una etapa clave para entender el ejercicio de la autoridad en el Estado de México. En pocos meses, los tiempos del “caos y la dispersión” habían quedado atrás. Es, pues, el periodo en el que nació el nuevo modelo político de la entidad: basado en la unidad y lealtad al gobernador en turno, por encima de todo y de todos. En los años siguientes, aquellos hombres relacionados con los hermanos Gómez o Wenceslao Labra no fueron tomados en cuenta para posiciones burocrático-administrativas, ni mucho menos para puestos de elección.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Otras de las herencias de Fabela de sonada importancia para la historia política de la entidad son las reformas constitucionales promulgadas durante su gobierno. El decreto 81 del Ejecutivo estableció, el 25 de abril de 1945, que el gobernador duraría en su cargo seis años en vez de cuatro. El 3 de septiembre de 1945 se aprobó el decreto 98, que aumentó de uno a tres los años que debían durar en su cargo los ayuntamientos.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
un político moderado, relativamente sin experiencia, había obtenido ya el respaldo de la élite política del estado: el joven de 32 años Miguel Alemán Valdés.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Alemán Valdés rara vez es recordado por su mandato como gobernador de Veracruz.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Veracruz, debido a su gran población, sus enormes reservas de petróleo y su valioso negocio agrícola tropical, se convirtió en un importante laboratorio del cardenismo.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Así, la salida de Moreno Valle del PRI y su ingreso a las filas del PAN fue producto de dos priistas: Mario Marín y Elba Esther Gordillo,
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Los mexicanos tenemos el arquetipo de las víctimas, siempre nos pasan cosas, siempre somos los jodidos
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
El PRD no tuvo ni una sola posición de peso en el gabinete. Incluso tuvo que prestar las siglas para que Antonio Gali López —hijo de Gali Fayad— llegara al Congreso del estado como diputado y líder de la bancada del Sol Azteca en la primera mitad del sexenio.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
la alternancia se convirtió en punto de llegada y no en punto de partida”.20 Es decir, permitió una concentración política en un nuevo grupo: uno que emergió del PRI para acabar con el PRI, pero con las formas del PRI.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
En el arsenal del populista, el armamento más pesado es la retórica.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
No es necesariamente el caso que cada populista es un autócrata disfrazado de buen amigo de todos, pero saber decir lo que la gente quiere oír sí ayuda a construir un dominio. Y si uno es admirador y emulador de Mussolini —Maximino dormía debajo de un retrato del dictador italiano— el don de la palabra efusiva conviene aún más.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Por ambas razones, la política y la personal, construyó una fachada populista. Y era una fachada en el sentido de que detrás de ella podía seguir enriqueciéndose.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
En 2017 se reportó en The New York Times que 17 ex gobernadores eran investigados por corrupción.5 A menudo la prensa cita esta tendencia como prueba de un aumento en el mal comportamiento de los gobernadores, pero igualmente puede reflejar una creciente actitud por parte del gobierno federal —en particular, un gobierno de tan baja popularidad como el de Enrique Peña Nieto— de que hay que hacer algo o por lo menos hay que fingir hacer algo, en respuesta a las revelaciones publicadas por la prensa.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
La fragmentación de la Cámara de Diputados: como ya se habrá notado, la disminución del control presidencial sobre los gobernadores se debió en parte a intentos de democratizar y descentralizar el país. Es decir, irónicamente, la supuesta democratización ha contribuido a la inmunidad y la permanencia de gobernadores poco demócratas. Y se ha visto esta tendencia de nuevo, si bien indirectamente, en el papel de la Cámara de Diputados.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Gonzalo N. Santos, un gobernador potosino tan representativamente caciquil que se convirtió en una leyenda. Al meditar sobre el significado de “la moral”, escribió: “La moral es un árbol que da moras”.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Muchas destituciones resultaron de lo que Rogelio Hernández Rodríguez eufemísticamente ha llamado “excesos locales”, a menudo un uso excesivo de violencia represora sobre huelgas o protestas. Pero este modelo de presión presidencial se empezó a desmoronar bajo Zedillo, quien fracasó en su intento de quitar a Roberto Madrazo, gobernador de Tabasco (1995-1999), tras revelarse que había hecho un gasto excesivo en su campaña, de 60 veces superior al límite establecido por el Instituto Federal Electoral.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Este episodio refleja otra causa próxima de la corrupción desenfrenada entre los gobernadores recientes: una falta de capacidad o voluntad por parte de ciertos presidentes, en particular Ernesto Zedillo y Vicente Fox, de ejercer su propia mano dura.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
el encarcelamiento de gobernadores ha sido más común en Estados Unidos que en México. Esto se explica en gran parte por la relativa fuerza de sus instituciones. Estados Unidos ha tenido una prensa mucho más autónoma, dispuesta a investigar y exponer, y un sistema judicial más independiente, dispuesto a encarcelar a los poderosos. Otra diferencia: los pecados de algunos de los condenados norteamericanos se ven menores en comparación con los fraudes multimillonarios de la mayoría de sus homólogos mexicanos.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Hay que admitir primero que donde existen tendencias marcadas, éstas tienen mucho que ver con la geografía y demografía. No puede ser casualidad que el estado que ha destituido a más gobernadores sea uno de los más montañosos: Guerrero. En sus valles remotos existe una histórica sospecha de los poderes ajenos, ya sea federales o estatales. Es poco sorpresivo que los diversos intentos gubernamentales por imponerse a la población hayan terminado muchas veces con sangre.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
La fuerte tradición caciquil en Yucatán probablemente se debe en parte a la distancia del estado de la capital federal —motivo importante del separatismo yucateco del siglo XIX— y también a la histórica brecha entre una rica élite blanca y una gran mayoría maya y pobre. De hecho, los casos de Yucatán e Hidalgo sugieren que hay una correlación entre el tamaño de la población indígena y el comportamiento caciquil de los líderes mestizos y blancos.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Los tres años del gobierno de Isidro Fabela fueron definitivos para la creación de la nueva organización política y el impulso del desarrollo económico. Si los gobiernos que le antecedieron —como fueron los de Abundio Gómez, Carlos Riva Palacio, Filiberto Gómez y Wenceslao Labra— habían estado más dispuestos a la negociación entre ismos y fuerzas de diferentes orientaciones ideológicas y políticas, con Fabela fue lo contrario. Se impuso un nuevo estilo que particularmente excluyó a los personajes de la política local no involucrados en el proyecto que daba impulso, al que se consideraba el mejor y más moderno modelo de crecimiento.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Fuertes inversiones del sector privado empezaron a hacerse, sobre todo en Tlalnepantla, Ecatepec y Naucalpan. Las comunicaciones terrestres, el sistema de crédito eficaz, la formación de grandes centros urbanos de población consumidora, así como la creación de grandes cantidades de personal calificado en el campo y la industria fueron los objetivos del gobierno.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
en 1940 ninguno de los municipios mexiquenses que hoy forman parte de la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México contaba con población urbana. Para 1950, su población urbana ya representaba el 28%, en 1960 el 60% y en 1970 el 86%.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Nunca una legislación local que haya promovido la industrialización capitalista obtuvo tan grandes logros. La Ley de Protección a la Industria del 19 de octubre de 1944, mientras estuvo en vigencia, cosechó todo tipo de aplausos y apoyos. Esa ley hizo figurar en la historia política mexiquense a Isidro Fabela como el “hombre industrializador”. La política de condonación de impuestos fue el mejor estímulo en la entidad para el asentamiento industrial, que Del Mazo afianzó y sería reconocida por sus herederos políticos.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Carlos Hank González sobresale como un hombre que en el gobierno de Del Mazo descubrió su vocación política. De 1944 a 1955, Hank fue apoyado por los gobernadores oriundos de Atlacomulco; se desempeñó como director de la primaria y secundaria de Atlacomulco; jefe del departamento de escuelas secundarias y profesionales del Estado de México; jefe de las juntas de mejoramiento moral, cívico y material del estado; tesorero del gobierno estatal y finalmente presidente municipal de Toluca.35 Pero cargos mayores lo esperaban.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
En esa década el país sufrió un consistente proceso de transformación de una economía basada en la agricultura a otra predominantemente industrial, con todas las consecuencias que caracterizan este tipo de procesos: una acelerada urbanización, aumento del sector comercial e incremento del sector de servicios. En todos esos sentidos, el Estado de México estuvo en la vanguardia.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
El acelerado impulso a la industrialización fue ejemplificado en cuatro municipios: Tlalnepantla, Naucalpan, Ecatepec y Cuautitlán. Hasta 1944, esos municipios contaban con 274 establecimientos industriales, cuyo capital sumó 13 millones de pesos. De 1944 a 1950, en esos territorios se establecieron, beneficiados por la Ley de Protección a la Industria, 103 nuevos establecimientos, cuyo capital sumó 213 millones de pesos.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Por otra parte, en la administración de Del Mazo no hubo manifestación importante de trastorno en las relaciones políticas y económicas. La época de los poderes legislativos enfrentados con el Ejecutivo, o de las fricciones del gobernador con las autoridades militares, parecía desterrada; desde entonces se arraigó una convivencia política sin mayores alteraciones en el Estado de México.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
La industrialización trajo aparejada la expansión enorme del proletariado mexiquense en la zona metropolitana de la Ciudad de México.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
No obstante, el proyecto industrial impulsado por los gobiernos de Fabela y Del Mazo, y continuado por sus sucesores Salvador Sánchez Colín (1951-1957), Gustavo Baz (1957-1963) y Juan Fernández Albarrán (1963-1969), fue todo un éxito macroeconómico.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Del noveno lugar ocupado a nivel nacional en 1944 en cuanto a establecimientos industriales, el Estado de México pasó en sólo 25 años a ocupar el tercer lugar, después del Distrito Federal y Jalisco. Del decimotercer lugar en cuanto a capital invertido, pasó al segundo lugar nacional, después del Distrito Federal. De un octavo lugar en cuanto a personal ocupado, pasó también a ocupar el segundo. Y del duodécimo lugar ocupado en 1944 en cuanto a valor de la producción, para el año de 1970 ocupó el primer lugar, arriba incluso del entonces Distrito Federal.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))
Carlos Hank González es, sin duda, el político-empresario más identificable del éxito del proyecto atlacomulquense. De presidente municipal de Toluca pasó a ser diputado federal, director de la Compañía Nacional de Subsistencias Populares (Conasupo) y luego gobernador del Estado de México para el periodo de 1969 a 1975. Acto seguido fue nombrado jefe del Departamento del Distrito Federal por José López Portillo (1976-1982). En 1988 regresó a la política a nivel federal en la administración de Carlos Salinas de Gortari, al ser nombrado primero secretario de Turismo y 13 meses después secretario de Agricultura y Recursos Hidráulicos. En las décadas siguientes a los gobiernos de Fabela y Del Mazo, el Estado de México afirmó su posición como la entidad más importante del país política y económicamente, después de la Ciudad de México. Se convirtió en una entidad que no necesitó el apoyo indiscriminado del gobierno federal para poder crecer. El estado desarrolló una solidez económica y política suficiente para ser considerado modelo.
Andrew Paxman (Los gobernadores: Caciques del pasado y del presente (Spanish Edition))