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There is in John no account of a miraculous or virgin birth. It is inconceivable to me that at least the last author or editor of John had not heard of this story, since it had been introduced into the Jesus tradition some ten to fifteen years earlier. So we have to wonder why there is no allusion to it. Not only is there no supernatural birth story in John’s gospel, but on two occasions (John 1:45 and John 6:42) Jesus is referred to in a rather matter-of-fact way as “the son of Joseph.” In the Fourth Gospel John the Baptist never baptizes Jesus as he does in the first three gospels. All he does in John is bear witness to Jesus. In the Fourth Gospel there is no account of the temptation of Jesus in the wilderness and no account of the transfiguration of Jesus when he spoke to Moses and Elijah. In the Fourth Gospel there are no short provocative sayings of Jesus, no parables and no version of the Sermon on the Mount. Instead, Jesus is portrayed as uttering long, sometimes convoluted theological dialogues or monologues. In the Fourth Gospel the story of the cleansing of the Temple is not associated with the final week of Jesus’ life as it is in all the other gospels. It occurs rather in chapter 2, near the beginning of his public ministry. In the Fourth Gospel the setting is mostly Jerusalem, with Jesus retreating to Galilee only to escape the hostile presence of the Judean authorities. In the three earlier gospels Jesus goes to Jerusalem only once, and that is for the Passover, at which time he is crucified. He is in Jerusalem for three Passovers in John. In the Fourth Gospel there is no description of the Last Supper. Nowhere in this gospel does Jesus share the Passover meal with his disciples in an upper room. In place of the institution of the Last Supper, this gospel tells us of the foot-washing ceremony and attaches all of Jesus’ teaching about the Eucharist to the story of the feeding of the five thousand in chapter 6. In the Fourth Gospel miracles are transformed into “signs,” which describe a dramatic truth that is breaking into human consciousness in Jesus. Most of the signs correlate very poorly with earlier miracle stories. In the Fourth Gospel there is no anguish in the Garden of Gethsemane and no prayer in which Jesus asks to be spared his fate. Instead Jesus is recorded as rejecting that synoptic tradition and saying that he was born for the purpose of being crucified (John 12:27).
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