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The solution was nonviolent. Unlike the soldiers at the Massacre, the Sons killed no one. Unlike the mob at Hutchinson’s house, the Sons did not come close to killing anyone. The solution was proportionate. The Sons destroyed no more property than necessary. They tossed overboard and thus ruined approximately 340 chests of East India tea, valued at about 9,700 pounds sterling. But no books or papers were disturbed or destroyed, as had happened at Hutchinson’s mansion. The three tea-laden ships involved in the episode were unharmed, and their non-tea cargo was untouched. The Sons made a point of sweeping the decks. The patriots would have preferred simply to scare the ships off, but Governor Hutchinson (no longer merely acting governor as he had been at the Massacre) had forbidden the ships to leave the harbor, and for technical customs-law reasons the clock was ticking down fast.84 The solution was public spirited and non-piratic. The Sons dumped the tea to make a legal and political point. They did not plunder or pilfer for their own private use—again, unlike the mob at Hutchinson’s mansion, where looters disgraced the patriot cause. The Sons and their allies in the press proudly stressed this fact: “A watch… was stationed to prevent embezzlement, and not a single ounce of Tea was suffered to be purloined by the populace.”85 The solution was conversation-starting and attention-grabbing, designed to win publicity across America and also in London, to counter the ministry’s low-tax-now gambit that threatened high taxes later. (What comes down must go up, thought the Sons.) Like Revere’s eye-catching cartoons, Otis’s ear-grabbing slogans, Pitt’s soaring speeches, and Barré’s fetching phraseology, the Sons’ performance art was part of an emerging democratic culture that rewarded those able to capture the attention and woo the hearts of the many. The solution was playful, satiric, and stylish—worthy of Hogarth himself. London snobs had treated their colonial cousins as if they were uncivilized aborigines, rather than proper New World Englishmen entitled to all the rights of proper Old World Englishmen. Well, the Sons replied, winkingly, don’t blame us for the destruction of tea. Blame the Indians, against whom your soldiers are allegedly protecting us! The Sons may also have relished the performance pun that New World “Indians” were thwarting Britain’s East India monopoly. In a note the following day to James Warren (brother-in-law of James Otis Jr.), John Adams gave the Sons’ theatrical performance a rave review: “This is the grandest Event which has ever yet happened Since the Controversy with Britain opened! The Sublimity of it charms me!
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Akhil Reed Amar (The Words That Made Us: America's Constitutional Conversation, 1760-1840)