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The official British position was that the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman was a fully sovereign and independent state.25 In truth, it was a de facto British colony. As such, successive British governments were responsible for the woeful political, social and economic conditions that the Sultan’s subjects endured, and which both created and fuelled the popular revolt.
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Ian Cobain (The History Thieves: Secrets, Lies and the Shaping of a Modern Nation)