Marx Base And Superstructure Quotes

Bolshevik intellectuals did not confine their reading to Marxist works. They knew Russian and European literature and philosophy and kept up with current trends in art and thoughts. Aspects of Nietzsche’s thought were either surprisingly compatible with Marxism or treated issues that Marx and Engels had neglected. Nietzsche sensitized Bolsheviks committed to reason and science to the importance of the nonrational aspects of the human psyche and to the psychpolitical utility of symbol, myth, and cult. His visions of “great politics” (grosse Politik) colored their imaginations. Politik, like the Russian word politika, means both “politics” and “policy”; grosse has also been translated as “grand” or “large scale.” The Soviet obsession with creating a new culture stemmed primarily from Nietzsche, Wagner, and their Russian popularizers. Marx and Engels never developed a detailed theory of culture because they considered it part of the superstructure that would change to follow changes in the economic base.

When Marx and Engels applied the law of contradiction in things to the study of the socio-historical process, they discovered the contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production, they discovered the contradiction between the exploiting and exploited classes and also the resultant contradiction between the economic base and its superstructure (politics, ideology, etc.), and they discovered how these contradictions inevitably lead to different kinds of social revolution in different kinds of class society.

It is commonly said that Marx divided society into two elements, the ‘economic base’ and the ‘superstructure’, and maintained that the base governs the superstructure. A closer reading of the passage just quoted reveals a threefold, rather than a twofold, distinction.

Marx describes social change from lower to higher modes of production distinguishing the economic base of a society from the relative superstructure arising from it. The base contains the forces of production: tools/techniques/labour power and relations of production: division of labour, forms of cooperation and subordination constructed to maintain production. The relations of production correspond to the appropriate development of the material forces of production, with the totality of these productive relations forming the base of any society. It is upon this base that a superstructure arises containing all social, religious, cultural and political institutions collectively acting as the foundation of social consciousness.

Yes. That’s right. Don’t be so judgy. I am politely interacting with the hermeneutics-of-suspicion minds of the Carcosa dwellers, embedding the superstructure of the blatherings with base corruptions, presenting forms concealing reality, floottering reflexes and echoes of other determining forces that do fundamental work in manifesting any real social change. And the susceptible dwellers are always down for discussion, which I appreciate to no end. And the ideology of the nineteenth coming from minds like Nietzsche, Comte, Kant, Marx, and Hegel was analyzed in the twentieth century by minds like James, Freud, and Jung, and then that analysis of nineteenth century ideology was itself critiqued in the twenty-first century, the age of hyperprofilicity, and that critique of the analysis of nineteenth century ideology metamorphosed into a new type of cluster of ideologies and then into a steadfast adherence of the pseudoscientific theory of the critique of the analysis.