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In Tibetan Buddhism, we talk about three different methods for working with the basic split or the dualistic rupture from the ground of being, the fundamental state in which we find ourselves.
The first is called the path of renunciation, and this is what we associate with the monastic tradition in early Buddhism. The Buddha taught laypeople, but the ideal path was one renouncing worldly life, the path of the monk or nun who becomes celibate and gives up worldly clothes, wealth, possessions, and so on. They do this in order to limit the complications that distract from those spiritual paths and to limit the tendency to fall into the five poisonous states.
The second is a method called the path of transformation. Now, in this path, the image used is that of a peacock. In the path of renunciation, we don't eat the poison, we avoid it. In the path of transformation, the symbolic peacock is said to eat the poison, and the poison transforms it into his beautiful feathers. All those marvelous colors, that incredible translucency, the poisons are used and transformed on the path.
Therefore, in the path of transformation, we weaken the hold of the five poisons that have arisen from the basic split, and working with our body, speech, and mind, we transform the uncomfort patterns into wisdom. This is where we find the mandala. We embody the five Buddha families, working with the notion of the sacred embodiment. The path of transformation has to do with the body, with dance and hand gestures, with speech in terms of sounds, mantras, and the subtle energy of sound. The mind comes into play with visualizations, actually seeing and holding certain images. These three essential factors, body, speech, sound, are the tools of the path of transformation.
The third path presented in Tibetan Buddhism is called the path of natural liberation. Sometimes it's called self-liberation or inherent liberation. Unlike the path of transformation, there isn't the idea that you take something and turn it into something else. Rather, the path of natural liberation is a method where we experience reality as it is, as perfect, and our state as innately perfected, so there's nothing to do. We do not need to renounce. We don't need to transform. We are discovering what already is, the self-perfected state.
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Lama Tsultrim Allione (Wisdom Rising: Journey into the Mandala of the Empowered Feminine)