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Though the concept of empathy originated in an aesthetic sensibility of beauty, Lipps adapted it to the realm of human suffering. Indeed, the English translation, made by 1910, captures this usage from Greek roots: em means “into,” pathos is “suffering”—“into suffering.” Ten years after Lipps, Karl Jaspers made empathy central to psychiatry, a revolutionary idea at the time. (Jaspers divided all mental illness into those conditions with which one could empathize, such as depression and anxiety, and those with which one could not empathize, like schizophrenia.) Jaspers’s insight was ignored by psychoanalysis and behaviorism, the two strongest currents of twentieth-century psychology. In recent years, though, empathy has made a comeback, sparked from an unexpected quarter for such a touchy-feely concept: neuroscience.
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S. Nassir Ghaemi (A First-Rate Madness: Uncovering the Links Between Leadership and Mental Illness)