“
In the end, everyone came to the conclusion that however ungainly, however inefficient, however elliptical ASEAN's ways are, it's still better than not having an ASEAN. That is the genius of ASEAN foreign policy.
”
”
George Yeo
“
Asia is being shaped largely by the outlook of the US, the power of China, the weight of Russia, the collectivism of ASEAN, the volatility of the Middle East and the rise of India.
”
”
S. Jaishankar (The India Way: Strategies for an Uncertain World)
“
What do you and the ASEAN countries want us to do?” Lee replied, “Stop the radio broadcasts.
”
”
Ezra F. Vogel (Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China)
“
Clearly, ASEAN needs to strengthen its secretariat. In contrast to the budget of the EU Secretariat, which is US$154 billion, the annual budget of the ASEAN Secretariat is US$19 million.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
At a meeting of business leaders from India and Southeast Asia in Kuala Lumpur in 2005, the secretary general of the ASEAN, Ong Keng Yong, introduced Dr Singh as ‘the world’s most highly qualified head of government’. A standing ovation followed.
”
”
Sanjaya Baru (The Accidental Prime Minister: The Making and Unmaking of Manmohan Singh)
“
and so his secretary of state, Acheson, was told to wait until February 1949, after the election, to present to Congress our changeover from a Western Hemisphere republic to an imperial European polity, symmetrically balanced by our Asian empire, centered on occupied Japan and, in due course, its tigerish pendant, the ASEAN alliance.
”
”
Gore Vidal (The Last Empire: Essays 1992-2000 (Vintage International))
“
As a method of warfare with “beyond limits” as its major feature, its principle is to assemble and blend together more means to resolve a problem in a range wider than the problem itself. For example, when national is threatened, the answer is not simply a matter of selecting the means to confront the other nation militarily, but rather a matter of dispelling the crisis through the employment of “supra-national combinations.” We see from history that the nation-state is the highest form of the idea of security. For Chinese people, the nation-state even equates to the great concept of all-under-heaven [tianxia, classical name for China]. Nowadays, the significance of the word “country” in terms of nationality or geography is no more than a large or small link in the human society of the “world village.” Modern countries are affected more and more by regional or world-wide organizations, such as the European Community [sic; now the European Union], ASEAN, OPEC, APEC, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the WTO, and the biggest of them all, the United Nations. Besides these, a large number of multinational organizations and non-state organizations of all shapes and sizes, such as multinational corporations, trade associations, peace and environmental organizations, the Olympic Committee, religious organizations, terrorist organizations, small groups of hackers, etc., dart from left and right into a country’s path. These multinational, non-state, and supra-national organizations together constitute an up and coming worldwide system of power.3
”
”
Qiao Liang (Unrestricted Warfare: China's Master Plan to Destroy America)
“
Without an FTA, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and the ASEAN countries will be integrated into China’s economy—an outcome to be avoided.
”
”
Graham Allison (Lee Kuan Yew: The Grand Master's Insights on China, the United States, and the World (Belfer Center Studies in International Security))
“
The frequency of Suharto’s meetings with his fellow heads of government during his twenty-two-year incumbency prompted an Indonesian label for the encounters: “empat mata” (four eyes).
”
”
Donald E. Weatherbee (ASEAN's Half Century: A Political History of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
“
Or perhaps the best that can be hoped for—as a play on the “MAD” (mutually assured destruction) of the U.S.-Soviet nuclear standoff in the Cold War years—may be “MAA,” “mutually assured ambiguity.” But seeking to address issues in a multilateral framework, with a critical role for ASEAN, would help modulate the conviction that the South China Sea is fundamentally a standoff between China and the United States.
”
”
Daniel Yergin (The New Map: Energy, Climate, and the Clash of Nations)
“
Most Southeast Asia countries look to the United States to provide some sort of counterbalance to China, but they have increasing doubts about Washington’s dependability, know-how, resources, and staying power. These uncertainties affect their strategic thinking and planning in their relations with Beijing. “The U.S. needs to have a long-term consistent, comprehensive, bipartisan approach to the Asia Pacific,” says an ASEAN diplomat. “Countries in the region believe the U.S. will change its policy depending on who the next president is.
”
”
Murray Hiebert (Under Beijing's Shadow: Southeast Asia's China Challenge)
“
Perwira militer di abad 21 ini harus memiliki wawasan dan pengetahuan yang baik, knowledgeable. Kita paham, geopolitik terus berkembang. Kita juga paham, banyak sekali ancaman terhadap keamanan, baik yang tradisional maupun yang nontradisional. Dan kita juga tahu, diperlukan kolaborasi, kerja sama, dan kemitraan antarmiliter dari banyak negara, sebagaimana yang menjadi semangat ASEAN, semangat East Asia Summit, semangat APEC, dan semangat Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa.
”
”
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
“
Di kawasan Asia Tenggara dan Asia Pasifik, kita masih dihadapkan pada tantangan tradisional, seperti potensi konflik akibat sengketa perbatasan dan klaim wilayah. Kita juga masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan non-tradisional yang membawa dampak langsung terhadap keamanan dan kesejahteraan rakyat di kawasan. Kita menyadari, berbagai persoalan itu dapat memicu ketegangan baru, dan berdampak bagi upaya bersama untuk mewujudkan Komunitas ASEAN dan kerja sama di kawasan Asia Pasifik.
”
”
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
“
이러한 군산출장안마( Ymz44.COM )김제섹파입싸배경에서 2012년도에는 “함께 잘사는 세상을 만드는 힘, 독서” 라는 주제로 제6회 국제 어린이청소년도서관 심포지엄을 역사도시 경주에서 6월 14일~15일 양일간, 개최(참가자 335명)하였으며 동남아시아국가연합(ASEAN) 도서관과의 상호이해 증진 및 협력 강화를 위해 어린이담당사서 10개국 20명과 도서관정보정책기획단 작은 도서관 진흥 관련한 해외 관계자 3명이 함께 참여하는 연수를 실시하였다.
또한, 도서관 어린이서비스의 발전과 활성화 지원을 위한 연구사업, 어린이담당서서 역량 강화를 위한 워크숍 및 사이버교육을 운영(8개 과정, 2,965명 수료) 하였다. 한편, 어린이와 군산출장안마( Ymz44.COM )김제섹파입싸들의 독서진흥과 독서 생활화를 위하여 매년 여름, 겨울방학 기간 중에 실시하는 전국공공도서관 독서교실 운영·지원(884개관, 27,216명 수료)과 「2012 독서의 해」를 계기로 어린이·청소년 독서문화 환경 조성을 위해 <책 읽어주세요> 캠페인을 추진하여 책 읽어주기의 중요성에 대한 일반인들의 인식제고에도 노력하였다. 아울러, 청소년대상 독서문화 프로그램인 ‘1318 책벌레들의 도서관 점령기’(16개 시·도 40개 중고교 참가), 청소년 추천 도서목록 개발·배포(200종)와 온라인커뮤니티 활동지원을 통한 청소년 독서문화 진흥 군산출장안마( Ymz44.COM )김제섹파입싸프로젝트도 수행하였다.
”
”
군산출장안마 Ymz44.COM 김제섹파입싸
“
The political scientist John Ikenberry lauds the liberal international order America has built.11 The global order is today durable and stable thanks to the many multilateral mechanisms America helped build and continues to support: institutions such as the UN, the World Bank, and NATO that have fostered security and development, or the EU and NAFTA, which have promoted prosperity and lured the likes of Mexico and Turkey to embrace capitalism and democracy.12 America has lost some of its own authority to international institutions it created and sustained. But that is a good thing. It means that the liberal international order has legs; it will last longer and continue to define the world order around values and practices that will foster peace, freedom, and prosperity. As Ikenberry notes, “The underlying foundations of the liberal international order will survive and thrive” without America’s guiding hand.13 In the Middle East, though, where simmering instability threatens global security and prosperity, America has done very little institution building of the kind Ikenberry writes about. There is no equivalent to ASEAN or APEC (the Asia Pacific Economic Council), or rival to the SCO, which is backed by China, Russia, and Iran. Perhaps America should help create those kinds of institutions, which could foster order but also make the region’s security and prosperity less dependent on the exercise of American authority. Only then should America think about pivoting somewhere else.
”
”
Vali Nasr (The Dispensable Nation: American Foreign Policy in Retreat)
“
Few Americans can claim to know China as well as Ambassador Stapleton Roy. Born in China, a fluent Mandarin speaker, Roy also served as the American ambassador to China from 1991 to 1995 and has stayed exceptionally well informed on US-China relations. He explained what happened: In a joint press conference with President Obama on September 25, 2015, Xi Jinping had proposed a more reasonable approach on the South China Sea. Xi had supported full and effective implementation of the 2002 Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea, signed by China and all ten ASEAN members; had called for early conclusion of the China-ASEAN consultations on a Code of Conduct for the South China Sea; and had added that China had no intention of militarizing the Spratlys, where it had engaged in massive reclamation work on the reefs and shoals it occupied. Roy said that Obama missed an opportunity to capitalize on this reasonable proposal. Instead, the US Navy stepped up its naval patrols. China responded by proceeding with militarization. In short, Xi did not renege on a promise. His offer was effectively spurned by the US Navy. The big question is how an untruth becomes accepted as a fact by well-informed, thoughtful Western elites.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (Has China Won?: The Chinese Challenge to American Primacy)
“
Prior to the term of President Rodrigo Duterte, average infrastructure spending for the past five decades was only at 2.5 percent of the country’s GDP. The 2015 IMF report found that the Philippines had a lower public investment in comparison to other members of ASEAN.
We all know that Build, Build, Build is a program that is not only necessary but is in fact long overdue.
If the Philippines is to achieve its full potential, then it must do something to cut losses due to traffic congestion in Metro Manila, which has gone up to ₱3.5 billion a day. It was at this point that Secretary Mark Villar presented the plan to decongest the 90-year-old EDSA, a 23.8-kilometer circumferential highway, which has long exceeded its maximum capacity of 288,000 vehicles a day.
”
”
Anna Mae Yu Lamentillo , Night Owl: A Nationbuilder’s Manual
“
To effectively usher in the Golden Age of Infrastructure, the Duterte Administration created Build, Build, Build, a medium-term development strategy, which aimed to mobilize the largest work force in Philippine history to implement an infrastructure plan consistent with the Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity.
”
”
Anna Mae Yu Lamentillo , Night Owl: A Nationbuilder’s Manual
“
1. Omnipresent and Omnipotent Authoritarianism: Authoritarian Media vs. Social Media?2. Istanbul Mobil'ized: Mobile Phones' Contribution to Political Participation and Activism in Istanbul Gezi Park Protests and Onwards. 3. The Gezi Park Protest and #resistgezi: A Chronicle of Tweeting the Protests. 4. Peace Journalism: Urgently and Desperately Needed in Post-Election Turkey.5. Critical Thinking Skills on Social Media: A Blooming Season Or A Period Of Decline? 6. Social media, blended learning and constructivism: A jigsaw completed by the uses and gratifications theory? 7. Educational uses of social media and problem-based learning. 8. The future of the new media: The mobile generation and interpersonal communication. 9. "Keep in E-Touch" Personality and Facebook use (with Ng)10. Of Kate Moss & Marilyn Monroe: Body Dissatisfaction and its Relation to Media (with Dev)11. Media psychology and intercultural communication: The social representations of Vietnam on Turkish newspapers. 12. Regional Journalism in Southeast Asia and ASEAN Identity in Making
”
”
Ulaş Başar Gezgin (Connecting Social Science Research with Human Communication Practices: Politics, Education and Psychology of Social Media, Media and Culture)
“
Korea culturally has much in common with China and historically has tilted toward China. For Singapore communist China was an enemy during the Cold War. In the 1980s, however, Singapore began to shift its position and its leaders actively argued the need for the United States and other countries to come to terms with the realities of Chinese power. With its large Chinese population and the anti-Western proclivities of its leaders, Malaysia also strongly tilted in the Chinese direction. Thailand maintained its independence in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries by accommodating itself to European and Japanese imperialism and has shown every intention of doing the same with China, an inclination reinforced by the potential security threat it sees from Vietnam. Indonesia and Vietnam are the two countries of Southeast Asia most inclined toward balancing and containing China. Indonesia is large, Muslim, and distant from China, but without the help of others it cannot prevent Chinese assertion of control over the South China Sea. In the fall of 1995 Indonesia and Australia joined in a security agreement that committed them to consult with each other in the event of “adverse challenges” to their security. Although both parties denied that this was an anti-China arrangement, they did identify China as the most likely source of adverse challenges.37 Vietnam has a largely Confucian culture but historically has had highly antagonistic relations with China and in 1979 fought a brief war with China. Both Vietnam and China have claimed sovereignty over all the Spratly Islands, and their navies engaged each other on occasion in the 1970s and 1980s. In the early 1990s Vietnam’s military capabilities declined in relation to those of China. More than any other East Asian state, Vietnam consequently has the motive to seek partners to balance China. Its admission into ASEAN and normalization of its relations with the United States in 1995 were two steps in this direction.
”
”
Samuel P. Huntington (The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order)
“
redeployment” (I studiously avoided the word “withdrawal” as it tended to trigger endless debate between the parties) of the troops of both countries; as well as respect for the commitment to the avoidance of conflict (the terms “cessation of conflict” or “ceasefire” proved far too contentious).
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
a true security community in Southeast Asia could not be attained if ASEAN was to remain limited to its five original founding member states; instead, it required all ten countries of Southeast Asia to fall within the ambit of such an “umbrella”.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
Among the original ASEAN member states, Indonesia has stood out in eschewing formal alliances or defence security agreements, as it is considered to be inconsistent with its “independent and active” (bebas aktif) or “non-aligned” foreign policy.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
it can generally be surmised that the other ASEAN founding member states (Singapore, Thailand and the Philippines) largely followed pro-West foreign policy orientations. The situation in the remainder of Southeast Asia, however, was far more complex. Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, to varying degrees, became battlegrounds for the then prevailing East–West tensions
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
ASEAN itself became the hub for dialogue and communication between the aforementioned countries. All three countries — China, the Russian Federation and the United States — have had the “comfort level” to allow ASEAN to take the lead in promoting a cooperative framework in the region.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
When then President Barack Obama visited Laos in September 2016, he reminded us that America had dropped more than two million tons of bombs here in Laos—more than we dropped on Germany and Japan combined during all of World War II. It made Laos, per person, the most heavily bombed country in history.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
Now imagine a world where Donald Trump (a Christian), Xi Jinping (a Confucian Communist), Vladimir Putin (an Orthodox Christian), Ayatollah Khamenei (a Muslim) and Narendra Modi (a Hindu) came together to sign a declaration for peaceful collaboration.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
how the extraordinary diversity of Southeast Asia came about. In all the many interpretations of the region’s history, there is one undeniable fact: Southeast Asia has served as the crossroads of the world for over 2,000 years. The remarkable cultural diversity of Southeast Asia is also a result of this. At least four major cultural waves have swept through Southeast Asia: the Indian, Chinese, Muslim and Western waves.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
The more than 600 million people living in the region have seen remarkable progress in the 50 years since the formation of the association. ASEAN has brought peace and prosperity to a troubled region, generated inter-civilizational harmony in the most diverse corner of the earth
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
Within ASEAN, a culture of peace has evolved as a result of imbibing the Indonesian custom of musyawarah and mufakat (consultation and consensus). Now ASEAN has begun to share this culture of peace with the larger Asia-Pacific region.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
The reason ASEAN has emerged as the indispensable platform for great-power engagement in the Asia-Pacific region is that it is too weak to be a threat to anyone. So all the great powers instinctively trust it.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
With a fine natural harbour accessible even to the largest ocean-going vessels, and located strategically in the Straits of Malacca, the new kingdom of Srivijaya became a more competitive port of call as trade between the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean flowed through the straits. Srivijaya prospered rapidly and was able to maintain a commercial hegemony over the smaller ports of the Indonesian archipelago, dominating seaborne commerce from the 7th to the 11th centuries. Srivijaya was the first in a succession of great seaports (Malacca, Aceh, Batavia, Penang and Singapore) that were to derive their strength from occupying a prominent location alongside the Straits of Malacca.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
By the 11th century, after the fall of the Tang and as the rise of the Song dynasty led to new demand from China, Srivijaya’s dominance of Southeast Asia was challenged from an unusual quarter, India.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
By paying tribute, these kingdoms could in turn engage in profitable trade with China. They exported tin, spice and a variety of forest products to China while importing much-coveted Chinese luxury goods (such as ceramics, tea and silk) and metals (such as iron and copper). The shrewd Chinese leaders understood that withholding market access to, or restricting the supply of, coveted Chinese luxury products could provide Beijing with leverage over foreign kingdoms. Occasionally, Chinese rulers introduced sanctions to regulate or limit private trade in order to achieve foreign policy goals.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
In reality, the rulers of Southeast Asia were keen to send tributes to China because they found it to be immensely profitable.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
China usually gave much more than it received from these missions, reflecting the court’s attitude that its smaller neighbours had little to offer their great nation, and demonstrating Chinese generosity”.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
The mutual benefits of two-way trade, and the willingness of Southeast Asian rulers to submit, at least symbolically, to China may also explain the relative lack of military conflict between China and Southeast Asia over the centuries.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
However, America also began to see its many Cold War allies in a new light, questioning their usefulness and seeing their flaws in sharper relief. Since it would have been seen as unethical (not to mention ungrateful) to use and then abandon allies, America needed an ethical justification. Under Jimmy Carter in the 1980s, America started bringing human rights into foreign policy conversations. By the 1990s, human rights were used as a tool to create distance from inconvenient or former allies.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
From their strategic location at the Straits of Malacca, early Malay-Indonesian seafarers dominated both the China trade and the Indian Ocean trade. The Indonesians “traded with India by 500 BCE and China by 400 BCE, and around the beginning of the Common Era, they carried goods between China and India”.24
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
The most important strategic relationship is always that between the world’s greatest power (today, the US) and the world’s greatest emerging power (China). Both worked closely together to thwart the Soviet Union in the 1980s. This helped ASEAN. Today, even though there is a remarkable degree of cooperation between the US and China, there is also a rising degree of competition. If this competition gets out of hand, ASEAN could be split apart. This is why a key message of this chapter is that all the great powers, including America, China, India, Japan and the EU, have a stake in keeping ASEAN together.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
Southeast Asia has been intimately associated and involved with four of the great universalist cultures and civilizations of the world: India, China, Islam and the West.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
No other region in the world can match its cultural, religious, linguistic and ethnic diversity. In a relatively small geographical space, we find 240 million Muslims, 130 million Christians, 140 million Buddhists and 7 million Hindus. This range of religious diversity is remarkable in itself. But it actually masks a deeper cultural diversity.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
ASEAN must henceforth seize the initiative in addressing emerging issues affecting its member countries — shaping and moulding developments — and not allow such issues to spiral outside its control.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
the terms of reference of the AIPR as currently constituted are less ambitious than I had hoped for, including the initial idea to maintain a roster of conflict-resolution experts to whom ASEAN member states could turn to facilitate the prevention, management and resolution of conflicts.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
ASEAN member states must have trust in, and entrust, the various mechanisms that they themselves have created. Otherwise there is a real risk that a perception of redundancy or, worse still, irrelevance would begin to creep in.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
like any other international organization, a spectrum of views exists within ASEAN on the appropriate role of the secretariat, essentially between those who envision a more minimalist secretariat focused on fulfilling administrative tasks and those who would be comfortable with a secretariat with a more robust substantive capacity; for example, in ensuring member states’ compliance with ASEAN Community targets.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
The differentiated timeline between the CLMV and the rest of the ASEAN member states on some of the AEC goals, in particular, simply represents a practical response to the reality of the prevailing economic development gap between the ASEAN 5 and the CLMV, and the need to address it through such specific policies as the Initiative for ASEAN Integration (IAI).
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
Of course, the idea of an ASEAN economic community had already been broached by Singapore in 2002. Through its chairmanship of ASEAN in 2003, Indonesia sought to widen the notion of ASEAN community by adding the concept of ASEAN political and security community and, subsequently, with notable Philippine urging, the sociocultural community.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
While the rules and procedures within the European Union may indeed promote greater efficiency in decision-making — in contrast to ASEAN’s laborious “consensus-based” approach — it may risk eroding a sense of common ownership and participation.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
ASEAN’s efforts at a more “rules-based” organization must not come at the expense of that unquantifiable and abstract, yet important, “ASEAN spirit”.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
I drew encouragement from the fact that none of the member states openly expressed opposition. However, I was only too conscious of the fact that it has been the “ASEAN way” not to be confrontational and openly disagree.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
reservation’s on Timor-Leste’s application were more openly couched in terms of its likely impact on the fast-approaching ASEAN Community, especially the ASEAN Economic Community.
”
”
Marty Natalegawa (Does ASEAN Matter?: A View from Within (Books / Monographs))
“
one weakness of ASEAN is that the 600 million people who live in Southeast Asia do not feel a sense of ownership of ASEAN.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
The US and Thailand signed an accord in October 1985 setting up a war reserve weapons stockpile in Thailand, making it the first country without a US military base to have such an arrangement.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
Indonesia’s strategic location in the Indian Ocean and its control of the Melaka and Sunda Straits made the country exceptionally important for US strategic and security interests in the region.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
2012 Phnom Penh meeting indicated that the South China Sea issue was beginning to affect the ASEAN-China relationship.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
ASEAN’s role in providing a neutral geopolitical platform for great-power engagement is particularly valuable in the current context of major great-power shifts. The reason only ASEAN can do this is that it is the only party trusted by all the powers in the region.
”
”
Kishore Mahbubani (The ASEAN Miracle: A Catalyst for Peace)
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its significant contributions to education and innovation. Established in 1970, UKM has consistently championed the development of the Malay language while maintaining a strong global outlook. Its main campus in Bangi features modern facilities set within a lush, green environment, providing an ideal setting for academic pursuits. The university offers a comprehensive range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs across diverse fields including science, technology, medicine, and the social sciences. Committed to research excellence, UKM hosts numerous specialized institutes and centers that drive cutting-edge discoveries, solidifying its status as a leading institution in Malaysia and the ASEAN region.,加急马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证书办理多少钱, 加急多少钱办理UKM毕业证-马来西亚国立大学毕业证书, 购买UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证和学位证认证步骤, 出售证书哪里能购买毕业证, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia文凭制作流程确保学历真实性, 马来西亚国立大学UKM大学毕业证成绩单, 办理UKM大学毕业证马来西亚国立大学, 办理UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证文凭, 马来西亚买文凭办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单
”
”
马来西亚学历认证马来西亚国立大学毕业证制作|办理UKM文凭成绩单
“
【V信83113305】:UCSI University stands as a prominent private university in Malaysia, renowned for its strong commitment to global education and innovative research. Located in Kuala Lumpur, it offers a diverse range of programmes across fields like medicine, pharmacy, engineering, business, and music, attracting a vibrant community of local and international students. The university emphasises a holistic education that combines academic rigour with practical industry exposure, ensuring graduates are well-prepared for the global workforce. With state-of-the-art facilities and a strong focus on sustainability and innovation, UCSI provides a dynamic learning environment that fosters creativity, critical thinking, and cross-cultural collaboration, solidifying its reputation as a leading institution in ASEAN.,UCSI思特雅大学毕业证书, 1:1原版思特雅大学毕业证+UCSI成绩单, 思特雅大学文凭UCSI毕业证学历认证方法, UCSI毕业证怎么办理-加钱加急, UCSI毕业证成绩单办理思特雅大学毕业证书官方正版, 高端思特雅大学毕业证办理流程, UCSI思特雅大学毕业证和学位证办理流程, 思特雅大学毕业证定制
”
”
2025年UCSI毕业证学位证办理思特雅大学文凭学历马来西亚
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and national development. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation particularly in the fields of medicine, engineering, and the social sciences. Its main campus in Bangi offers a vibrant, modern learning environment set within a lush green landscape, fostering a conducive atmosphere for research and innovation. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM emphasizes a global perspective while deeply valuing the Malay language and local culture, creating a unique educational identity. It continues to be a pivotal force in shaping the nation's future leaders and advancing impactful knowledge.,100%安全办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证, 原版定制UKM毕业证书, 挂科办理马来西亚国立大学学历学位证, 办理马来西亚国立大学文凭, 马来西亚留学成绩单毕业证, 马来西亚国立大学毕业证办理, 硕士文凭定制UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证书, 办理马来西亚UKM本科学历, 终于找到哪里办UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证书
”
”
买UKM文凭找我靠谱-办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证和学位证
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and national development. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation particularly in the fields of science, technology, humanities, and health sciences. Its main campus in Bangi offers a vibrant, green environment conducive to innovative learning and cutting-edge research. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM emphasizes a global perspective while deeply valuing the Malay language and national identity. It consistently produces high-impact research and graduates who are well-equipped to contribute significantly to both local and international communities, solidifying its status as a pillar of Malaysia's higher education system.,原版UKM毕业证最佳办理流程, 最新UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证成功案例, 如何办理UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证一比一定制, 网络快速办理UKM毕业证成绩单, 在线办理UKM毕业证本科硕士成绩单方法, 在线办理UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证offer外壳皮, UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单原版定制, 加急多少钱办理UKM毕业证-马来西亚国立大学毕业证书, 100%满意-UKM毕业证马来西亚国立大学学位证
”
”
2025年UKM毕业证学位证办理马来西亚国立大学文凭学历马来西亚
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and innovation. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation in diverse fields including medicine, engineering, social sciences, and Malay language studies. Its lush main campus in Bangi provides a conducive environment for learning and research, fostering a vibrant multicultural community of students and scholars. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM emphasizes holistic education, cutting-edge research, and strong industry partnerships, contributing significantly to national development and global knowledge. It remains a top choice for those seeking a world-class education in a dynamic and culturally rich setting.,UKM毕业证定制, 马来西亚国立大学毕业证定制, UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单学历认证最安全办理方式, UKM本科毕业证, 100%安全办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证, 定做马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证书毕业证, 网络办理UKM毕业证-马来西亚国立大学毕业证书-学位证书, 马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证学校原版100%一样, 购买马来西亚国立大学毕业证和学位证认证步骤
”
”
马来西亚国立大学学历办理哪家强-UKM毕业证学位证购买
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and national development. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation particularly in the fields of science, technology, humanities, and medicine. Its main campus in Bangi offers a vibrant, green environment conducive to learning and innovation. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM emphasizes research that addresses both local and global challenges, fostering a generation of critical thinkers and leaders. With a diverse student body and a dedication to the Malay language and national identity, it remains a pivotal institution in shaping Malaysia's future while maintaining a significant global footprint.,Offer(UKM成绩单)马来西亚国立大学如何办理?, 高端烫金工艺UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单制作, 办理真实Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia毕业证成绩单留信网认证, UKMdiploma安全可靠购买UKM毕业证, 高质Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia马来西亚国立大学成绩单办理安全可靠的文凭服务, 办理马来西亚UKM本科学历, 原版定制UKM毕业证, 网上补办马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单多少钱, 购买马来西亚国立大学毕业证
”
”
购买马来西亚文凭|办理UKM毕业证马来西亚国立大学学位证制作
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and innovation. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation in diverse fields including medicine, engineering, social sciences, and the humanities. Its main campus in Bangi provides a vibrant, green environment conducive to learning and research. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM emphasizes holistic education, fostering critical thinking and nurturing future leaders. It is dedicated to advancing knowledge through cutting-edge research and strong international collaborations, solidifying its status as a pivotal center for higher education and a driver of national and regional development.,Offer(UKM成绩单)UKM马来西亚国立大学如何办理?, 高端烫金工艺UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单制作, UKM毕业证书马来西亚国立大学毕业证诚信办理, UKM毕业证最快且放心办理渠道, 申请学校!UKM成绩单马来西亚国立大学成绩单UKM改成绩, 加急马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证书办理多少钱, 原装正版马来西亚国立大学毕业证真实水印成绩单制作, 马来西亚Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单在线制作办理, 高端烫金工艺马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单制作
”
”
买UKM文凭找我靠谱-办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证和学位证
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and national development. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation in diverse fields including medicine, engineering, social sciences, and the humanities. Its main campus in Bangi offers a vibrant, lush environment conducive to learning and innovation. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM emphasizes research that addresses both local and global challenges, fostering a generation of critical thinkers and leaders. With a strong dedication to the Malay language and national identity, it simultaneously maintains a global outlook through numerous international collaborations, making it a cornerstone of Malaysia's higher education landscape.,原版定制马来西亚国立大学毕业证, 购买UKM毕业证, 最便宜办理UKM毕业证书, 马来西亚国立大学留学成绩单毕业证, 修改Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia马来西亚国立大学成绩单电子版gpa实现您的学业目标, 办理UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单学历认证, 挂科办理UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证文凭, 最佳办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证方式, UKM毕业证文凭马来西亚国立大学毕业证
”
”
在线购买UKM毕业证-2025最新马来西亚国立大学文凭学位证书
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its significant contributions to education and innovation. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation for academic excellence, particularly in the fields of medicine, engineering, and the social sciences. Its main campus in Bangi provides a vibrant, green environment conducive to learning and research. Committed to the national agenda of developing the Malay language as a medium of knowledge, UKM also embraces global perspectives through diverse international collaborations. As a leading ASEAN university, it continues to empower future leaders by combining rigorous scholarship with a rich cultural heritage, making it a cornerstone of Malaysia's higher education landscape.,定制马来西亚国立大学成绩单, 100%满意-UKM毕业证马来西亚国立大学学位证, 马来西亚国立大学毕业证制作, 申请学校!UKM成绩单马来西亚国立大学成绩单UKM改成绩, 100%收到-UKM毕业证书马来西亚国立大学毕业证, 原版UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证最佳办理流程, 网上补办UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单多少钱, 马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证学校原版100%一样, 购买马来西亚国立大学成绩单
”
”
买UKM文凭找我靠谱-办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证和学位证
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and innovation. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation in diverse fields including medicine, engineering, social sciences, and Malay language studies. Its lush, sprawling campus in Bangi provides a conducive environment for learning and research, fostering a vibrant multicultural community of students and scholars. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM emphasizes holistic education, cutting-edge research, and strong industry partnerships, contributing significantly to national development and global knowledge. It remains a symbol of educational prestige and a catalyst for future leaders.,马来西亚国立大学毕业证学历认证, 购买马来西亚国立大学成绩单, UKM毕业证书马来西亚国立大学毕业证诚信办理, 高端UKM毕业证办理流程, 100%收到-UKM毕业证书马来西亚国立大学毕业证, UKM毕业证定制, 办马来西亚马来西亚国立大学文凭学历证书, 马来西亚国立大学成绩单办理, 购买马来西亚国立大学毕业证办理留学文凭学历认证
”
”
买UKM文凭找我靠谱-办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证和学位证
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its significant contributions to academia and nation-building. Established in 1970, UKM has consistently championed the development of the Malay language while fostering a global perspective through its diverse range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs. The university's main campus in Bangi features a modern, lush environment conducive to innovative research and dynamic learning. It excels in various fields, including engineering, social sciences, and medicine, and is recognized for its strong emphasis on sustainable development and community engagement. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM continues to shape future leaders and drive impactful research that addresses both national and global challenges.,在线办理UKM毕业证本科硕士成绩单方法, 正版马来西亚国立大学学历证书学位证书成绩单, 一比一制作-UKM文凭证书马来西亚国立大学毕业证, 最安全购买UKM毕业证方法, 高质UKM马来西亚国立大学成绩单办理安全可靠的文凭服务, Offer(Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia成绩单)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia马来西亚国立大学如何办理?, 100%安全办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证, 快速办理UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证如何放心, UKM-diploma安全可靠购买马来西亚国立大学毕业证
”
”
办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证和成绩单-UKM学位证书
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its significant contributions to education and innovation. Established in 1970, UKM has consistently championed the development and preservation of the Malay language and knowledge, while simultaneously embracing global perspectives. Its main campus in Bangi features a modern, lush environment conducive to academic excellence and cutting-edge research across diverse fields such as medicine, engineering, and social sciences. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM fosters a dynamic, multicultural community of scholars dedicated to addressing societal challenges and driving sustainable progress, solidifying its status as a cornerstone of Malaysia's higher education landscape.,挂科办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证本科学位证书, 马来西亚国立大学UKM大学毕业证成绩单, UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证最放心办理渠道, 马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证学校原版100%一样, 马来西亚国立大学成绩单办理, 办理马来西亚UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM文凭版本, UKM毕业证学历认证, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia毕业证文凭马来西亚国立大学毕业证, 定制马来西亚国立大学成绩单
”
”
在线购买UKM毕业证-2025最新马来西亚国立大学文凭学位证书
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its significant contributions to education and innovation. Established in 1970, UKM has consistently championed the development and preservation of the Malay language and knowledge, while maintaining a strong global outlook. Its main campus in Bangi features a modern, lush environment conducive to academic excellence and cutting-edge research across diverse fields including science, technology, medicine, and the social sciences. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM fosters a dynamic, multicultural learning atmosphere, attracting students and scholars from around the world. Committed to sustainability and community engagement, it continues to be a pivotal force in shaping the nation's intellectual and cultural landscape.,原版定制UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证, 原版定制马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证书一比一制作, 办理UKM毕业证, UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证书加急制作, 100%定制UKM毕业证成绩单, UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证最简单办理流程, 原版定制UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证书, 马来西亚国立大学硕士毕业证, offer马来西亚国立大学在读证明
”
”
办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证和成绩单-UKM学位证书
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its significant contributions to academia and national development. Established in 1970, UKM has consistently championed the Malay language while embracing global knowledge, fostering a unique intellectual identity. Its expansive campus in Bangi features state-of-the-art facilities, supporting a vibrant community of scholars and students across diverse fields. Recognized for excellence in research, particularly in medicine, engineering, and social sciences, UKM is committed to innovation and addressing societal challenges. As a leading ASEAN university, it cultivates future leaders, promoting critical thinking and cultural values, solidifying its role as a cornerstone of Malaysia's educational landscape.,UKM毕业证学校原版一样吗, 做今年新版UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证, UKM毕业证办理周期和加急方法, 办理Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia大学毕业证马来西亚国立大学, 马来西亚国立大学文凭Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 高端UKM毕业证办理流程, 办理马来西亚马来西亚国立大学毕业证Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia文凭版本, 100%学历UKM毕业证成绩单制作, 马来西亚毕业证认证
”
”
马来西亚学历认证马来西亚国立大学毕业证制作|办理UKM文凭成绩单
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and national development. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation particularly in the fields of medicine, engineering, and the social sciences. Its main campus in Bangi offers a vibrant, modern learning environment set within a lush green landscape, fostering a conducive atmosphere for research and innovation. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM emphasizes a holistic education, producing graduates who are not only skilled professionals but also culturally aware and socially responsible citizens. It continues to be a pivotal force in driving Malaysia's knowledge economy and intellectual advancement.,UKM毕业证本科学历办理方法, 马来西亚国立大学文凭Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 100%安全办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证, UKM毕业证办理流程和安全放心渠道, UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单学历认证最安全办理方式, UKM毕业证办理周期和加急方法, UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证办理流程, 办理真实UKM毕业证成绩单留信网认证, 网络在线办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证文凭学历证书
”
”
2025年UKM毕业证学位证办理马来西亚国立大学文凭学历马来西亚
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and national development. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation particularly in the fields of medicine, engineering, and the social sciences. Its main campus in Bangi provides a vibrant, modern learning environment equipped with state-of-the-art facilities, fostering a dynamic atmosphere for over 20,000 students. As a research-intensive university, UKM consistently contributes significant scholarly work and innovation, cementing its status as a leading ASEAN university dedicated to shaping future leaders and advancing knowledge for the nation and beyond.,办理马来西亚-UKM毕业证书马来西亚国立大学毕业证, 最安全购买马来西亚国立大学毕业证方法, 加急马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证书办理多少钱, 原版定制马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证书一比一制作, 原版UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证书办理流程, 出售Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia马来西亚国立大学研究生学历文凭, 马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证学校原版100%一样, 制作马来西亚文凭UKM毕业证, 制作文凭马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证书毕业证
”
”
马来西亚国立大学学历办理哪家强-UKM毕业证学位证购买
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and national development. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation particularly in the fields of medicine, engineering, and the social sciences. Its main campus in Bangi offers a vibrant, green environment conducive to learning and innovation. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM emphasizes research that addresses both local and global challenges, fostering a generation of critical thinkers and leaders. With a diverse student body and a strong emphasis on the Malay language and national identity, it remains a pivotal institution in shaping Malaysia's intellectual and cultural landscape.,100%定制UKM毕业证成绩单, 100%定制UKM毕业证成绩单, 马来西亚国立大学挂科了怎么办?UKM毕业证成绩单专业服务, 马来西亚国立大学毕业证UKM毕业证书, 马来西亚Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单在线制作办理, 高端定制马来西亚国立大学毕业证留信认证, 终于找到哪里办马来西亚国立大学毕业证书, 最新UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证成功案例, 如何办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证一比一定制
”
”
马来西亚国立大学学历办理哪家强-UKM毕业证学位证购买
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its significant contributions to academia and nation-building. Established in 1970, UKM has consistently championed the Malay language while embracing global knowledge, creating a unique academic identity. Its expansive main campus in Bangi, Selangor, hosts a diverse array of faculties and advanced research centers, particularly excelling in fields like engineering, social sciences, and medicine. Committed to holistic education, UKM fosters a dynamic environment that encourages critical thinking, innovation, and strong cultural values. As a leading ASEAN university, it continues to produce highly skilled graduates who drive national development and engage with global challenges.,网络办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证官方成绩单学历认证, 一比一制作-UKM文凭证书马来西亚国立大学毕业证, 马来西亚本科毕业证, UKM学位证书办理打开职业机遇之门, 网上补办马来西亚国立大学毕业证成绩单多少钱, 正版马来西亚国立大学学历证书学位证书成绩单, 最爱-马来西亚-UKM毕业证书样板, 修改Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia马来西亚国立大学成绩单电子版gpa实现您的学业目标, 网络快速办理UKM毕业证成绩单
”
”
在线购买UKM毕业证-2025最新马来西亚国立大学文凭学位证书
“
【V信83113305】:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), also known as the National University of Malaysia, stands as a premier public research institution renowned for its commitment to academic excellence and national development. Established in 1970, UKM has cultivated a strong reputation in diverse fields including medicine, engineering, social sciences, and the humanities. Its expansive and lush campus in Bangi provides a conducive environment for innovative research and holistic education. As a leading ASEAN university, UKM emphasizes a global perspective while deeply valuing the Malay language and local culture. It consistently produces highly skilled graduates and pioneering research that contributes significantly to the nation's progress, solidifying its status as a pillar of Malaysia's higher education landscape.,100%定制UKM毕业证成绩单, 留学生买毕业证Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia毕业证文凭成绩单办理, 出售Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia证书哪里能购买Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia毕业证, 马来西亚国立大学成绩单购买, UKM马来西亚国立大学多少钱, 网络在线办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证文凭学历证书, UKM学位定制, 留学生买毕业证UKM毕业证文凭成绩单办理, 666办理UKM马来西亚国立大学毕业证最佳渠道
”
”
办理马来西亚国立大学毕业证和成绩单-UKM学位证书