Api Security Quotes

Amazon API Gateway is a fully managed service that makes it easy for developers to create, publish, maintain, monitor, and secure APIs at any scale.

Secure and Compliant The API needs to ensure that it can only be accessed by authenticated and authorized consumers. The API does not leak internal information. The API is compliant with best practices and with security regulations.

Services interact with their peers strictly through APIs and thus don’t share data structures, database schemata, or other internal representations of objects. Bounded

At Loan Corp, we have invested in slick tech-based systems to ensure a seamless journey for our customers. From consumer finance such as mortgages, remortgages, secured loans, banks, credit cars and insurance, we API directly into our top-tier lenders that match your requirements. Our commercial offerings are bridging loans, auction finance, development loans, loans to buy land and all aspects of commercial finance. Offering short- and long-term business loans in the UK from a wide range of products such as invoice finance, cash flow loans and even small business loans for bad credit.

An agent is a combination of data known about the actors in a request. This typically consists of a user (also known as the subject), a device (an asset used by the subject to make the request), and an application (web app, mobile app, API endpoint, etc.). Traditionally, these entities have been authorized separately, but zero trust networks recognize that policy is best captured as a combination of all participants in a request. By authorizing the entire context of a request, the impact of credential theft is greatly mitigated.

Myth—DevOps Means Eliminating IT Operations, or “NoOps”: Many misinterpret DevOps as the complete elimination of the IT Operations function. However, this is rarely the case. While the nature of IT Operations work may change, it remains as important as ever. IT Operations collaborates far earlier in the software life cycle with Development, who continues to work with IT Operations long after the code has been deployed into production. Instead of IT Operations doing manual work that comes from work tickets, it enables developer productivity through APIs and self-serviced platforms that create environments, test and deploy code, monitor and display production telemetry, and so forth. By doing this, IT Operations become more like Development (as do QA and Infosec), engaged in product development, where the product is the platform that developers use to safely, quickly, and securely test, deploy, and run their IT services in production.

In 20487 Developing Windows Azure And Web Services course , understudies will figure out how to outline and create administrations that entrance nearby and remote information from different information sources and how to create and send administrations to half and half conditions, including on-premises servers and Windows Azure. 1: Overview of administration and cloud advances 2: Querying and Manipulating Data Using Entity Framework 3: Creating and Consuming ASP.NET Web API Services 4: Extending and Securing ASP.NET Web API Services 5: Creating WCF Services 6: Hosting Services 7: Windows Azure Service Bus 8: Deploying Services 9: Windows Azure Storage 10: Monitoring and Diagnostics 11: Identity Management and Access Control 12: Scaling Services 13: Appendix A: Designing and Extending WCF Services 14: Appendix B: Implementing Security in WCF Services

Also you can interpret scope as a permission, or in other words, scope defines what actions the client application can do on a given resource

NoteThe ultimate goal of any OAuth 2.0 grant type is to provide a token (which is known as access token) to the client application. The client application can use this token to access a resource. An access token is bound to the resource owner, client application, and one or more scopes. Given an access token, the authorization server knows who the corresponding resource owner and client application and also what the attached scopes are.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application layer protocol, which is transport layer protocol agnostic.

The Internet Protocol (IP) functions at the Internet layer. Its responsibility is to provide a hardware-independent addressing scheme to the messages pass-through. Finally, it becomes the responsibility of the network access layer to transport the messages via the physical network.

The Ethernet protocol operates at the network access layer.

If user-controllable data is passed to these APIs, an attacker may be able to exploit these to access arbitrary files on the server filesystem. fopen readfile file fpassthru gzopen gzfile gzpassthru readgzfile copy rename rmdir mkdir unlink file_get_contents file_put_contents parse_ini_file

Even the U.S. government has shown its interest in this field, with the Department of Homeland Security awarding blockchain infrastructure builder Factom a $199,000 grant to develop an IoT security solution. It’s a small number by ICO fund-raising standards but a noteworthy vote of confidence in blockchain technology from a government agency. Factom’s model would create an identity log of data emitted by a device, including its unique identifier, its manufacturer, its update history, its known security issues, and its granted authorities. The idea is that if a device’s history of performance, permissions, and certification is recorded in an immutable ledger, hackers can’t alter the record to disguise a flaw they’ve exploited. It’s not clear how much oversight the U.S. government would have over the system. Context Labs in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is doing similar work to achieve what it calls “data veracity.” In various industries, it is pulling together consortia of interested parties to agree on open-data standards for APIs (application processing interfaces) that would allow parties to share data stamped with unique cryptographic hashes that provably identify the device and its owner.

While constructing a good API, we must consider: Unified approach to all API calls Error handling Stability and backward compatibility Ability to submit multiple calls in a single request Ability to ship client-side logs to the server alongside with any request Ability to ship server-side logs to the client alongside with any response Ability to programmatically analyze error responses Ability to create new API versions instead of making breaking changes Security

Programming languages, their features, readability, and interoperation Code reuse across platforms (server vs web vs mobile) Early error detection (compile-time vs runtime error detection, breadth of validation) Availability and cost of hiring the right talent; learning curve for new hires Readability and refactorability of code Approach to code composition, embracing the change Datastore and general approach to data modeling Application-specific data model, and the blast radius from changing it Performance and latency in all tiers and platforms Scalability and redundancy Spiky traffic patterns, autoscaling, capacity planning Error recovery Logging, telemetry, and other instrumentation Reducing complexity User interfaces and their maintainability External APIs User identity and security Hardware and human costs of the infrastructure and its maintenance Enabling multiple concurrent development workstreams Enabling testability Fast-tracking development by adopting third-party frameworks

NoteEach refresh token has its own lifetime. Compared to the lifetime of the access token, the refresh token’s is longer: the lifetime of an access token is in minutes, whereas the lifetime of a refresh token is in days.

the application wants to access the API just being itself, then we should use client credentials grant type and, if not, should use authorization code grant type. Both the implicit and password grant types are now obsolete.

The OAuth 2.0 specification is built around three types of client profiles: web applications, user agent–based applications, and native applications. Web applications are considered to be confidential clients, running on a web server: end users or resource owners access such applications via a web browser. User agent–based applications are considered to be public clients: they download the code from a web server and run it on the user agent, such as JavaScript running in the browser. These clients are incapable of protecting their credentials—the end user can see anything in the JavaScript. Native applications are also considered as public clients: these clients are under the control of the end user, and any confidential data stored in those applications can be extracted out. Android and iOS native applications are a couple of examples.

The API gateway is the most common pattern in securing APIs in a production deployment. In other words, it’s the entry point to your API deployment. There are many open source and proprietary products out there, which implement the API gateway pattern, which we commonly identify as API gateways. An API gateway is a policy enforcement point (PEP), which centrally enforces authentication, authorization, and throttling policies. Further we can use an API gateway to centrally gather all the analytics related to APIs and publish those to an analytics product for further analysis and presentation.

The most worrisome fact is that, according to an article5 by The Economist magazine, the average time between an attacker breaching a network and its owner noticing the intrusion is 205 days.

Connectivity, extensibility, and complexity are the three trends behind the rise of data breaches around the globe in the last few years.

The most challenging thing in any security design is to find and maintain the right balance between security and the user comfort.

five main reasons why enterprises should embrace web APIs and become an active participant in the API economy: Grow your customer base by attracting customers to your products and services through API ecosystems.

Drive innovation by capitalizing on the composition of different APIs, yours and third parties. Improve the time-to-value and time-to-market for new products. Improve integration with web APIs. Open up more possibilities for a new era of computing and prepare for a flexible future.

The popularity of SOAP-based APIs has declined, mostly due to the inherent complexity of the WS-∗ standards. SOAP promised interoperability, but many ambiguities arose among different implementation stacks.

In OAuth 1.0, RFC 5849, the user (delegator) is known as the resource owner , the consumer (delegate) is known as the client, and the service provider is known as the server.

Security, rate limiting (throttling), versioning, and monitoring are key aspects of a managed business API.

For RESTful services and APIs, there are two popular standards for description: Web Application Description Language (WADL) and Swagger

Componentization via services: In microservices, the primary way of componentizing will be via services. This is a bit different from the traditional componentizing via libraries. A library in the Java world is a jar file, and in .NET world, it’s a DLL file.

Organized around business capabilities:

Products not projects:

Smart endpoints and dumb pipes: Each microservice is developed for a well-defined scope. Once again, the best example is Netflix.42 Netflix started with a single monolithic web application called netflix.war in 2008, and later in 2012, as a solution to address vertical scalability concerns, they moved into a microservices-based approach, where they have hundreds of fine-grained microservices today. The challenge here is how microservices talk to each other. Since the scope of each microservice is small (or micro), to accomplish a given business requirement, microservices have to talk to each other. Each microservice would be a smart endpoint, which exactly knows how to process an incoming request and generate the response.

With the microservices-based architecture, each service is designed with its own autonomy and highly decoupled from each other. The team behind each microservice can follow their own standards, tools, and protocols. This makes a decentralized governance model more meaningful for microservices architecture.

With the microservices design, where each distinguished functional component is developed into a microservice, based on their business capabilities, will have its own database—so each such service can scale end to end without having any dependency on other microservices.

Microservices have not substituted APIs—rather they work together.

We treat a native mobile application as an untrusted or a public client. A client application, which is not capable of protecting its own keys or credentials, is identified as a public client under OAuth terminology.

Ninety-two percent of the 8 billion+ authentication requests Microsoft Azure AD handled in May 2018 were from OpenID Connect–enabled applications.

OpenID and OAuth 1.0 address two different concerns. OpenID is about authentication, whereas OAuth 1.0 is about delegated authorization.

OpenID provider doesn’t ask for credentials but uses the authenticated session you created before at the OpenID provider. This authenticated session is maintained either by a cookie until the browser is closed or with persistent cookies.

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The principle of least privilege states that an entity should only have the required set of permissions to perform the actions for which they are authorized, and no more.

Gary McGraw in his book, Software Security, highlights complexity in both the code and the system design as one attribute that is responsible for the high rate of data breaches.

Confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA), widely known as the triad of information security, are three key factors used in benchmarking information systems security.

Confidentiality attribute of the CIA triad worries about how to protect data from unintended recipients, both at rest and in transit.

In achieving CIA, authentication, authorization, nonrepudiation, and auditing are four prominent controls, which play a vital role.

The HTTP, which operates at the application layer, takes care of building the HTTP message with all relevant headers and passes it to the TCP at the transport layer. Whatever the data it receives from the application layer, the TCP encapsulates with its own headers and passes it through the rest of the layers in the TCP/IP stack.

Once the application data transmission between the client and the server begins, the other should acknowledge each data packet sent by either party. As a response to the first TCP packet sent by the client, which carries application data, the server will respond with a TCP ACK packet,

AWS and the Seven-Year Lead When creating Amazon Web Services (cloud computing), Amazon was essentially creating their own internal Internet Operating System (IOS) and then leveraging their technology infrastructure into a profit center. He said, “IT departments are recognizing that when they adopt AWS, they get more done. They spend less time on low value-add activities like managing datacenters, networking, operating system patches, capacity planning, database scaling, and so on and so on. Just as important, they get access to powerful APIs [Application Programing Interfaces] and tools that dramatically simplify building scalable, secure, robust, high-performance systems. And those APIs and tools are continuously and seamlessly upgraded behind the scenes, without customer effort.” —Bezos (2014 Letter) In other words, Amazon took the proprietary infrastructure they built for themselves and turned it into a service that any developer could use for their own purposes.

Instead of IT Operations doing manual work that comes from work tickets, it enables developer productivity through APIs and self-serviced platforms that create environments, test and deploy code, monitor and display production telemetry, and so forth.