Zygmunt Bauman Liquid Modernity Quotes

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The truth that makes men free is for the most part the truth which men prefer not to hear.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
The updated version of Descartes’s Cogito is ‘I am seen, therefore I am’ – and that the more people who see me, the more I am…
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
What has been cut apart cannot be glued back together. Abandon all hope of totality, future as well as past, you who enter the world of fluid modernity.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
The main point about civility is...the ability to interact with strangers without holding their strangeness against them and without pressing them to surrender it or to renounce some or all the traits that have made them strangers in the first place.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
A consumerist attitude may lubricate the wheels of the economy; it sprinkles sand into the bearings of morality.
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
Precisar tornar-se o que já se é é a característica da vida moderna.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
globalization is the last failed hope that, somewhere, there still exists a land where one can escape and find happiness. Or the last failed hope that, somewhere, there still exists a land different from yours in terms of being able to oppose the sense of meaninglessness, the loss of criteria and, ultimately, moral blindness and the loss of sensitivity.
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
En cuanto al poder, se aleja a toda vela de la calle y del mercado, de las asambleas y de los parlamentos, de los gobiernos locales y de los nacionales, más allá del alcance del control de los ciudadanos, hacia la extraterritorialidad de las redes electrónicas. En la actualidad, los principios estratégicos favoritos de los que tienen el poder son el escape, la evasión y la retirada, y su estado ideal es la invisibilidad.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Rigidity of order is the artefact and sediment of the human agents ' freedom.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Um aspecto muito visível do desaparecimento das velhas garantias é a nova fragilidade dos laços humanos. A fragilidade e transitoriedade dos laços pode ser um preço inevitável do direito de os indivíduos perseguirem seus objetivos individuais, mas não pode deixar de ser, simultaneamente, um obstáculo dos mais formidáveis para perseguir eficazmente esses objetivos -- e para a coragem necessária para persegui-los.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Like the phoenix, socialism is reborn from every pile of ashes left day in, day out, by burnt-out human dreams and charred hopes.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
The relations individuals enter into with other individuals nowadays have been described as ‘pure’ – meaning ‘no strings attached’, no unconditional obligations assumed and so no predetermination, and therefore no mortgaging, of the future. The sole foundation and only reason for the relationship to continue is, it has been said, the amount of mutual satisfaction drawn from it.
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
Robbing humans of their faces and individuality is no less a form of evil than diminishing their dignity or looking for threats primarily among those who have immigrated or harbour different religious beliefs.
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
To quote from Le Délabrement de l’Occident of Cornelius Castoriadis, An autonomous society, a truly democratic society, is a society which questions everything that is pre-given and by the same token liberates the creation of new meanings.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
the notion that we know all there is to know about people and their needs and that all these data are pinned down exactly and fully explained by the market, the state, sociological surveys, ratings, and everything else that turns people into the Global Anonymous.
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
All certainty that comes after the 'original sin' of dismantling the matter-of-fact world full of routine and short of reflection must be a manufactured certainty, a blatantly and unashamedly 'made-up' certainty, burdened with all the inborn vulnerability of human-made decisions.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
الكفاح من أجل الحرية ، الذي هو في أصله علاقة اجتماعية تماما ، لا يمكن أن يكون إلا قوة تحدث الفرقة والشقاق ، وأن أي تطبيق واقعي لها لا بد من أن يحدث الانقسام والاختلاف لا محالة . فالحرية ، مثل كثير من القيم والمثل العليا ، في حالة مخاض دائم ، فلا تتحقق أبدا ، بل ( أو لهذا السبب نفسه ) نصبوا إليها دائما ، ونكافح من أجلها ، فتتولد قوة دافعة كبيرة في تجريب متواصل لا نهاية له. وهو ما يسمى التاريخ
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
السعادة العامة وتبعاتها من المسؤولية؛ تلك الحرية التي يهيم في مدحها دعاة التحرر ليست على النقيض من تأكيداتهم ضامنة للسعادة ، فأغلب الظن انها ستأتي ببؤس وشقاء يقوق الفرح . ومن هذا المنظور يخطى دعاة التحرر عندما يحزنون ، كما يفعل ديفيد كونواي ، ويؤكدون مبدا هنري سیدجويك الذي يقول إن السعادة العامة تأتي على أكمل وجه وأحسنه إذا ما غرسنا في نفوس الشباب البالغين، التوقع بأن كل واحد منهم سيترك إلى قدرته على تدبير أموره وقضاء حوائجها.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
W bezlitośnie powikłanym świecie praca, podobnie jak całe ludzkie życie, rozpada się na szereg zamkniętych epizodów, a szanse na wykonanie jej zgodnie z założonym planem są, podobnie jak w przypadku innych ludzkich działań, nikłe lub wręcz nierealne. Praca przemieściła się ze świata ładotwórstwa i kontrolowanej przyszłości na obszar gry. Działania pracujących osób przypominają coraz bardziej strategię graczy, którzy stawiają sobie umiarkowanie odległe cele i wybiegają myślą nie dalej niż jeden lub dwa posunięcia do przodu.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Even if the self he or she is struggling to display and get recognized is deemed by the actor to precede, pre-empt and predetermine the choice of individual identity (ethnic, race, religious and gender ascriptions claim to belong to that category of self), it is the urge of selection and the effort to make the choice publicly recognizable that constitutes the self-definition of the liquid modern individual. That effort would have hardly been undertaken if the identity in question was indeed endowed with the determining power it claims and/or is believed to possess.
Zygmunt Bauman (Consuming Life)
Zygmunt Bauman says that liquid modernity compels us to refuse stability because it’s a fool’s game. “The hub of postmodern life strategy is not identity building but avoidance of fixation,” he writes.5 In Bauman’s pitiless analysis, to succeed today, you need to be free of all commitments, unbound by the past or the future, living in an everlasting present. The world changes so quickly that the person who is loyal to anything, even to her own identity, takes an enormous risk. Instead of believing that structure is good and that duties to home and family lead us to live rightly, people today have been tricked by liquid modernity into believing that maximizing individual happiness should be the goal of life. The gyrovague, the villain of Saint Benedict’s Rule, is the hero of postmodernity.
Rod Dreher (The Benedict Option: A Strategy for Christians in a Post-Christian Nation)
Living under liquid modern conditions can be compared to walking in a minefield: everyone knows an explosion might happen at any moment and in any place, but no one knows when the moment will come and where the place will be.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Forms of modern life may differ in quite a few respects – but what unites them all is precisely their fragility, temporariness, vulnerability and inclination to constant change. To ‘be modern’ means to modernize – compulsively, obsessively; not so much just ‘to be’, let alone to keep its identity intact, but forever ‘becoming’, avoiding completion, staying underdefined.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Hasta los azotes han pasado al rubro "hágalo usted mismo" y han sido reemplazados por la autoflagelación
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
La completud siempre es futura, y los logros pierden su atractivo y su poder gratificador en el mismo instante de su obtención
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
a young American with a moderate level of education expects to change jobs at least eleven times during his or her working life – and the pace and frequency of change are almost certain to go on growing before the working life of the present generation is over.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Flexibility’ is the slogan of the day, and when applied to the labour market it augurs an end to the ‘job as we know it’, announcing instead the advent of work on short-term contracts, rolling contracts or no contracts, positions with no in-built security but with the ‘until further notice’ clause.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
In the world of structural unemployment no one can feel truly secure. Secure jobs in secure companies seem to be the yarn of grandfathers’ nostalgia;
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
In a liquid modern life, there are no permanent bonds, and any that we take up… must be tied loosely so that they can be untied… when circumstances change." Zygmunt Bauman
Sam Atkinson (The Sociology Book: Big Ideas Simply Explained)
What prompts so many commentators to speak of the ‘end of history’, of post-modernity, ‘second modernity’ and ‘surmodernity’, or otherwise to articulate the intuition of a radical change in the arrangement of human cohabitation and in social conditions under which life-politics is nowadays conducted, is the fact that the long effort to accelerate the speed of movement has presently reached its ‘natural limit’. Power can move with the speed of the electronic signal – and so the time required for the movement of its essential ingredients has been reduced to instantaneity.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
For modern western economies, a rapid expansion of consumer options is the normal experience. What used to be remarkable or a sign of middle-class status is very rapidly trivialized. Standards are never settled. Everything is always in flux, a condition that philosopher Zygmunt Bauman calls “liquid modernity.”32 Rather than a solid sense of what the good life looks like, we are left with ever-shifting values as our choices multiply. The basic principle that Durkheim discovered was that at a certain point, increasing choice actually decreases satisfaction, sometimes precipitously: “Unlimited desires are insatiable by definition and insatiability is rightly considered a sign of morbidity. Being unlimited, they constantly and infinitely surpass the means at their command; they cannot be quenched. Inextinguishable thirst is constantly renewed torture.
Alan Noble (You Are Not Your Own: Belonging to God in an Inhuman World)
ففي تحوّل عظيم، صار المجتمع يعظّم أيّما تعظيم المرونة في قلب الأشياء رأسًا على عقب، والتخلص منها، والتخلي عنها، فضلًا عن الروابط الإنسانية التي يسهل حلّها والفكاك منها، والواجبات التي يسهل الرجوع عنها، وقواعد اللعب التي لا تدوم أطول من زمن اللعبة، فقد ألقي بنا جميعًا في سباق نلهث فيه وراء كل جديد.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
The desire to demonize others is based on the ontological uncertainties.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Z.B: Hannah Arendt observó que el verdadero genio entre los seductores nazis era Himmler, que organizó a las masas en un sistema de dominación total, gracias a su (correcta!) suposición de que en su gran mayoría los hombres no son vampiros o sádicos, sino empleados y miembros de una familia.
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
Z.B.: por adiaforización entiendo estratagemas para situar, a propósito o por defecto, ciertos actos y/o actos omitidos respecto a ciertas categorías de seres humanos fuera el eje moral-inmoral, es decir, fuera del <> y a margen del ámbito de los fenómenos sujetos sujetos a evaluación moral; estratagemas para declarar esos actos o esa inacción, de una forma implícita o explícita, como <> y evitar que las opciones entre ellos se sometan a un juicio ético, lo que significa eludir el oprobio moral.
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
L.D: los políticos intentan mantener a la academia en una posición de incertidumbre y precariedad transformándola, o <>, en una rama del mundo empresarial. Por lo general, la idea de la necesidad de racionalizar, cambiar, reformular, restaurar y renovar el mundo académico es un simulacro. Oculta el hecho de que precisamente es la clase política y la mala gestión, también política, lo que hay que cambiar y reconducir con urgencia. Sin embargo, habla el poder: si no te cambio, tú me cambiarás a mí.
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
What prompts so many commentators to speak of the 'end of history', of post-modernity, 'second modernity' and 'surmodernity', or otherwise to articulate the intuition of a radical change in the arrangement of human cohabitation and in social conditions under which life-politics is nowadays conducted, is the fact that the long effort to accelerate the speed of movement has presently reached its 'natural limit' .
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Cuanto mejor protegidos de la contaminación están los valores preservados en el pensamiento, menos relevancia tienen para la vida de aquellos a quienes deberían ser de utilizada.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
El apócrifo aviso de la columna de 'busco trabajo'-'tengo auto, puedo viajar'- puede servir como epítome de la nueva problemática de vida, junto con la duda que acosa actualmente a los directores de los laboratorios tecnológicos y científicos: 'Hemos encontrado la solución, ahora encontremos un problema'. La pregunta 'Qué puedo hacer?' ha llegado a dominar la acción, minimizando y desplazando a pregunta 'como puedo hacer mejor lo que tengo que hacer de todos modos?
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Cuando las autoridades son muchas, tienden a cancelarse entre sí, y la única autoridad efectiva es la de quien debe elegir entre ellas (...) las autoridades ya no mandan, sino que intentan congraciarse con los electores por medio de la tentación y la seducción.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
En otras palabras, la individualización consiste en transformar la identidad humana de algo 'dado' en una 'tarea', y en hacer responsables a los actores de la realización de esta tarea y de las consecuencias (así como de los efectos colaterales) de su desempeño.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
The task confronting free individuals was to use their new freedom to find the appropriate niche and to settle there through conformity: by faithfully following the rules and modes of conduct identified as right and proper for the location.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Never and nowhere was there a shortage of people eager to find a logic to their unhappiness, humiliating defeats and life frustrations by pinning the blame on someone’s malevolent intentions and fiendish plots.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
يصعب تصوّر وجود ثقافة لا تبالي بالأبدية، وتجتنب الدوام، ويصعب أيضاً تصوّر أخلاقيات لا تبالي بتبعات أفعال البشر، وتجتنب المسؤولية عن الآثار التي ربما تحدثها في الآخرين. إن قدوم عصر الآنية يُدخل الثقافة البشرية والأخلاق في أرض غير مستكشفة ولا خريطة لها، حيث تفقد العادات التي تواكب الحياة كل نفع ومعنى، وقد وصف غي دوبور هذا الوضع في مقولته الشهيرة: 'الرجال يشبهون أزمانهم أكثر من آبائهم' ، ونساء هذا العصر ورجاله يختلفون عن آبائهم وأمهاتهم لأنهم يعيشون حاضراً 'يريد أن ينسى الماضي، ويبدو أنه لا يؤمن بالمستقبل'.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
The liquid modern variety of adiaphorization is cut after the pattern of the consumer–commodity relation, and its effectiveness relies on the transplantation of that pattern to interhuman relations.
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
Życie nowoczesnego człowieka nie jest mu dane, ale zadane. Jest zadaniem do wykonania, wymagającym coraz większych starań i wciąż nowych wysiłków. Położenie człowieka w okresie «płynnej» nowoczesności lub «lekkiego» kapitalizmu uwydatniło jeszcze powszechność owego sposobu życia: postęp nie jest już rozwiązaniem tymczasowym ani etapem przejściowym, który ma doprowadzić (rychło) do stanu doskonałości (a więc takiego, w którym zrobiono wszystko, co należało zrobić, i który nie wymaga już żadnych korekt). Postęp jest teraz nieustannym i nie kończącym się nigdy wyzwaniem, koniecznością i istotą ludzkiej kondycji.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
Typ oświecenia, jaki socjologia ma do zaoferowania, jest adresowany do jednostek kierujących się wolną wolą i ma na względzie powiększenie oraz umocnienie ich wolności wyboru. Jego bezpośrednim celem jest powrót do pozornie zamkniętej kwestii wyjaśniania, a poprzez to - promowanie zrozumienia. Socjologiczne wyjaśnienie może dodać energii, racjonalności i skuteczności ludzkiej autokreacji i samostanowieniu, owym warunkom wstępnym ludzkiej zdolności decydowania o tym, czy istotnie pragnie się żyć tak, jak żyć, z nieodwołanego ponoć wyroku losu, wypada. Autonomia społeczeństwa zyskuje na autonomii jednostki; społeczeństwa i jednostki mogą tylko sprawę swej autonomii razem wygrać lub razem przegrać.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
The Devil can strip a human being, doomed to be confined to non-person and nonentity, of their memory. By losing their memory, people become incapable of any critical questioning of themselves and the world around them. By losing the powers of individuality and association, they lose their basic moral and political sensibilities. Ultimately, they lose their sensitivity to another human being. The Devil, who safely lurks in the most destructive forms of modernity, deprives human beings of the sense of their place, home, memory and belonging.
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
to the question of ‘how’: to the technology of evildoing. Answers suggested to that question fell roughly under two rubrics: coercion and seduction. Arguably the most extreme expression was found for the first in George Orwell’s 1984; for the second, in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World. Both types of answer were articulated in the West; in Orwell’s vision, however, painted as it was in direct response to the Russian communist experiment, an intimate kinship can easily be traced with Eastern European discourse,
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
Na sociedade de produtores que estamos a deixar para trás (pelo menos na nossa parte do planeta), o conselho num caso como esse seria "esforçar-se ainda mais". Mas isso não acontece na sociedade de consumidores. Aqui, as ferramentas que falharam devem ser deitadas para o lixo, e não afiadas e novamente utilizadas com mais habilidade e dedicação, de modo a obter um melhor efeito. Essa regra aplica-se também a instrumentos e artifícios que não proporcionaram a "satisfação total" prometida, assim como aos relacionamentos humanos que tenham produzido um bang não tão big quanto se esperava. A urgência deve atingir a sua intensidade máxima quando se está a correr de um ponto (abortado, prestes a abortar ou a começar a abortar) para outro (ainda não vivido). Devemos ficar atentos à amarga lição de Fausto, que foi lançado no inferno como castigo por desejar que um único momento - só porque era particularmente agradável - durasse para sempre...
Zygmunt Bauman (Moral Blindness: The Loss of Sensitivity in Liquid Modernity)
(...) na era da instantaneidade (...) A duração deixa de ser um recurso para tornar-se um risco; o mesmo pode ser dito de tudo o que é volumoso, sólido e pesado - tudo o que impede ou restringe o movimento. (...) corpos volumosos tiveram seu dia: outrora testemunhavam o poder e a força de seus donos; hoje anunciam a derrota na próxima rodada de aceleração e assim sinalizam a impotência. Corpo esguio e adequação ao movimento, roupa leve e tênis, telefones celulares (inventados para o uso dos nômades que têm que estar "constantemente em contato"), pertences portáteis ou descartáveis - são os principais objetos culturais da era da instantaneidade. Peso e tamanho, e acima de tudo a gordura (literal ou metafórica) acusada da expansão de ambos, compartilham o destino da durabilidade. São os perigos que devemos temer e contra os quais devemos lutar; melhor ainda, manter distância.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)
The old-style carnivals gave a chance for the individual liberties denied in daily life to be ecstatically tasted; now the sorely missed opportunities are those of loosing the burden and burying the anguish of individuality through dissolving the self in a 'greater whole' and joyously abandoning oneself to its rule, celebrating in brief yet intense festivals of communal merry-making. The function (and seductive power) of liquid modern carnivals lies in the momentary resuscitation of the togetherness that has sunk into a coma.
Zygmunt Bauman (Consuming Life)
Ya no hay "un Gran Hermano observándote"; ahora tu tarea es observar las crecientes filas de Grandes Hermanos y Grandes Hermanas, observarlos atenta y ávidamente, por si encuentras algo que pueda servirte: un ejemplo a imitar o un consejo sobre cómo enfrentar tus problemas que, como sus problemas, deben y solo pueden ser enfrentados individualmente. Ya no hay grandes líderes que te digan qué hacer, liberándote así de la responsabilidad de las consecuencias de tus actos; en el mundo de los individuos, sólo hay otros individuos de quienes puedes tomar el ejemplo de cómo moverte en los asuntos de tu vida, cargando con toda la responsabilidad de haber confiado en ese ejemplo y no en otro.
Zygmunt Bauman (Liquid Modernity)