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Soon afterward, Lewis Cass, Buchanan’s secretary of state, also resigned, but out of anger at Buchanan for doing nothing to halt South Carolina’s drive toward secession. He had urged Buchanan to act quickly and aggressively to quash the nascent rebellion, just as Andrew Jackson had done in the nullification crisis of 1832. But Buchanan was no Jackson. He wanted above all to exit the White House while the nation was still at peace. Frustrated by Buchanan’s passivity, Cass resigned. “The people in the South are mad; the people in the North asleep,” Cass said. “The president is pale with fear.
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Erik Larson (The Demon of Unrest: A Saga of Hubris, Heartbreak, and Heroism at the Dawn of the Civil War)