β
The best portion of a good man's life: his little, nameless unremembered acts of kindness and love.
β
β
William Wordsworth (Lyrical Ballads)
β
It is a narrow mind which cannot look at a subject from various points of view.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
It is always fatal to have music or poetry interrupted.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
And, of course men know best about everything, except what women know better.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
But the effect of her being on those around her was incalculably diffusive: for the growing good of the world is partly dependent on unhistoric acts; and that things are not so ill with you and me as they might have been, is half owing to the number who lived faithfully a hidden life, and rest in unvisited tombs.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
If we had a keen vision and feeling of all ordinary human life, it would be like hearing the grass grow and the squirrel's heart beat, and we should die of that roar which lies on the other side of silence.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
What loneliness is more lonely than distrust?
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
But what we call our despair is often only the painful eagerness of unfed hope.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
We mortals, men and women, devour many a disappointment between breakfast and dinner-time; keep back the tears and look a little pale about the lips, and in answer to inquiries say, "Oh, nothing!" Pride helps; and pride is not a bad thing when it only urges us to hide our hurtsβ not to hurt others.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
..for the growing good of the world is partly dependent on unhistoric acts; and that things are not so ill with you and me as they might have been, is half owing to the number who lived faithfully a hidden life, and rest in unvisited tombs.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
But I too hate long books: the better, the worse. If they're bad they merely make me pant with the effort of holding them up for a few minutes. But if they're good, I turn into a social moron for days, refusing to go out of my room, scowling and growling at interruptions, ignoring weddings and funerals, and making enemies out of friends. I still bear the scars of Middlemarch.
β
β
Vikram Seth (A Suitable Boy (A Bridge of Leaves, #1))
β
People are almost always better than their neighbors think they are.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
And certainly, the mistakes that we male and female mortals make when we have our own way might fairly raise some wonder that we are so fond of it.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
One can begin so many things with a new person! - even begin to be a better man.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Our deeds still travel with us from afar/And what we have been makes us what we are.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Character is not cut in marble - it is not something solid and unalterable. It is something living and changing, and may become diseased as our bodies do.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
We are all humiliated by the sudden discovery of a fact which has existed very comfortably and perhaps been staring at us in private while we have been making up our world entirely without it.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Confound you handsome young fellows! You think of having it all your own way in the world. You don't understand women. They don't admire you half so much as you admire yourselves.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
For pain must enter into its glorified life of memory before it can turn into compassion.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Sane people did what their neighbors did, so that if any lunatics were at large, one might know and avoid them.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
The troublesome ones in a family are usually either the wits or the idiots.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Blameless people are always the most exasperating.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
To be a poet is to have a soul so quick to discern, that no shade of quality escapes it, and so quick to feel, that discernment is but a hand playing with finely-ordered variety on the chords of emotion--a soul in which knowledge passes instantaneously into feeling, and feeling flashes back as a new organ of knowledge.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
A prig is a fellow who is always making you a present of his opinions.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
After all, the true seeing is within.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
For we all of us, grave or light, get our thoughts entangled in metaphors, and act fatally on the strength of them.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Pride helps us; and pride is not a bad thing when it only urges us to hide our own hurtsβnot to hurt others.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
When a man has seen the woman whom he would have chosen if he had intended to marry speedily, his remaining a bachelor will usually depend on her resolution rather than on his.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
If youth is the season of hope, it is often so only in the sense that our elders are hopeful about us; for no age is so apt as youth to think its emotions, partings, and resolves are the last of their kind. Each crisis seems final, simply because it is new. We are told that the oldest inhabitants in Peru do not cease to be agitated by the earthquakes, but they probably see beyond each shock, and reflect that there are plenty more to come.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
People glorify all sorts of bravery except the bravery they might show on behalf of their nearest neighbors.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
That element of tragedy which lies in the very fact of frequency, has not yet wrought itself into the coarse emotion of mankind; and perhaps our frames could hardly bear much of it. If we had a keen vision and feeling of all ordinary human life, it would be like hearing the grass grow and the squirrelβs heart beat, and we should die of that roar which lies on the other side of silence. As it is, the quickest of us walk about well wadded with stupidity.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Men outlive their love, but they donβt outlive the consequences of their recklessness.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Every limit is a beginning as well as an ending.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
The memory has as many moods as the temper, and shifts its scenery like a diorama.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
I had some ambition. I meant everything to be different with me. I thought I had more strength and mastery. But the most terrible obstacles are such as nobody can see except oneself.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Pride only helps us to be generous; it never makes us so, any more than vanity makes us witty.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
I don't make myself disagreeable; it is you who find me so. Disagreeable is a word that describes your feelings and not my actions.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Explain! Tell a man to explain how he dropped into hell! Explain my preference! I never had a preference for her, any more than I have a preference for breathing. No other woman exists by the side of her. I would rather touch her hand if it were dead, than I would touch any other woman's living.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
He brushed my curls back off my face. βI never pictured my life so complete. I never thought Iβd have everything I want. Youβre everything to me, Angel.
β
β
Becca Fitzpatrick
β
Certainly the determining acts of her life were not ideally beautiful. They were the mixed result of young and novel impulse struggling amidst the conditions of an imperfect social state, in which great feelings will often take the aspect of error, and great faith the aspect of illusion.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
It is an uneasy lot at best, to be what we call highly taught and yet not to enjoy: to be present at this great spectacle of life and never to be liberated from a small hungry shivering selfβnever to be fully possessed by the glory we behold, never to have our consciousness rapturously transformed into the vividness of a thought, the ardor of a passion, the energy of an action, but always to be scholarly and uninspired, ambitious and timid, scrupulous and dim-sighted.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
I protest against any absolute conclusion.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Miss Brooke had that kind of beauty which seems to be thrown into relief by poor dress.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
He distrusted her affection; and what loneliness is more lonely than distrust.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Few things hold the perception more thoroughly captive than anxiety about what we have got to say
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
If one is not to get into a rage sometimes, what is the good of being friends?
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Books are, let's face it, better than everything else. If we played cultural Fantasy Boxing League, and made books go 15 rounds in the ring against the best that any other art form had to offer, then books would win pretty much every time. Go on, try it. βThe Magic Fluteβ v. Middlemarch? Middlemarch in six. βThe Last Supperβ v. Crime and Punishment? Fyodor on points. See? I mean, I donβt know how scientific this is, but it feels like the novels are walking it. You might get the occasional exception -β βBlonde on Blondeβ might mash up The Old Curiosity Shop, say, and I wouldnβt give much for Pale Fireβs chance against Citizen Kane. And every now and again you'd get a shock, because that happens in sport, so Back to the Future III might land a lucky punch on Rabbit, Run; but I'm still backing literature 29 times out of 30.
β
β
Nick Hornby (The Polysyllabic Spree)
β
Only those who know the supremacy of the intellectual lifeββthe life which has a seed of ennobling thought and purpose withinββcan understand the grief of one who falls from that serene activity into the absorbing soul-wasting struggle with worldly annoyances.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Destiny stands by sarcastic with our dramatis personae folded in her hand.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
She was no longer struggling against the perception of facts, but adjusting herself to their clearest perception.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
The presence of a noble nature, generous in its wishes, ardent in its charity, changes the lights for us: we begin to see things again in their larger, quieter masses, and to believe that we too can be seen and judged in the wholeness of our character.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Upon my word, I think the truth is the hardest missile one can be pelted with.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Reading is sometimes thought of as a form of escapism, and itβs a common turn of phrase to speak of getting lost in a book. But a book can also be where one finds oneself; and when a reader is grasped and held by a book, reading does not feel like an escape from life so much as it feels like an urgent, crucial dimension of life itself.
β
β
Rebecca Mead (My Life in Middlemarch)
β
A woman dictates before marriage in order that she may have an appetite for submission afterwards.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
We all remember epochs in our experience when some dear expectation dies, or some new motive is born.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Power of generalizing gives men so much the superiority in mistake over the dumb animals.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
After all, people may really have in them some vocation which is not quite plain to themselves, may they not? They may seem idle and weak because they are growing. We should be very patient with each other, I think.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
We have all got to exert ourselves a little to keep sane, and call things by the same names as other people call them by.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Mortals are easily tempted to pinch the life out of their neighbor's buzzing glory, and think that such killing is no murder.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Itβs rather a strong check to oneβs self-complacency to find how much of oneβs right doing depends on not being in want of money.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Self-consciousness of the manner is the expensive substitute for simplicity.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
You must love your work, and not be always looking over the edge of it, wanting your play to begin. And the other is, you must not be ashamed of your work, and think it would be more honorable to you to be doing something else. You must have a pride in your own work and in learning to do it well, and not be always saying, Thereβs this and thereβs thatβif I had this or that to do, I might make something of it. No matter what a man isβI wouldnβt give twopence for himββ here Calebβs mouth looked bitter, and he snapped his fingersβ βwhether he was the prime minister or the rick-thatcher, if he didnβt do well what he undertook to do.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
I am not magnanimous enough to like people who speak to me without seeming to see me.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
It's a father's duty to give his sons a fine chance.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
When a tender affection has been storing itself in us through many of our years, the idea that we could accept any exchange for it seems to be a cheapening of our lives. And we can set a watch over our affections and our constancy as we can over other treasures.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
The days were longer then (for time, like money, is measured by our needs), when summer afternoons were spacious, and the clock ticked slowly in the winter evenings.
β
β
George Eliot
β
The great safeguard of society and of domestic life was, that opinions were not acted on. Sane people did what their neighbors did, so that if any lunatics were at large, one might know and avoid them.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
How can one ever do anything nobly Christian, living among people with such petty thoughts?
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
That by desiring what is perfectly good, even when we don't quite know what it is and cannot do what we would, we are part of the divine power against evil -- widening the skirts of light and making the struggle with darkness narrower.
β
β
George Eliot
β
Society never made the preposterous demand that a man should think as much about his own qualifications for making a charming girl happy as he thinks of hers for making himself happy.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Marriage, which has been the bourne of so many narratives, is still a great beginning, as it was to Adam and Eve, who kept their honey-moon in Eden, but had their first little one among the thorns and thistles of the wilderness. It is still the beginning of the home epic - the gradual conquest or irremediable loss of that complete union which make the advancing years a climax, and age the harvest of sweet memories in common.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
He once called her his basil plant; and when she asked for an explanation, said that basil was a plant which had flourished wonderfully on a murdered man's brains.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Somebody put a drop under a magnifying-glass and it was all semicolons and parentheses.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
but very little achievement is required in order to pity another man's shortcomings.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
I beg your pardon: correct English is the slang of prigs who write history and essays. And the strongest slang of all is the slang of poets.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Eros has degenerated; he began by introducing order and harmony, and now he brings back chaos.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
I would not creep along the coast but steer
Out in mid-sea, by guidance of the stars.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Souls have complexions too: what will suit one will not suit another.
β
β
George Eliot
β
Among all forms of mistake, prophecy is the most gratuitous.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Who can know how much of his most inward life is made up of the thoughts he believes other men to have about him, until that fabric of opinion is threatened with ruin?
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
It is very difficult to be learned; it seems as if people were worn out on the way to great thoughts, and can never enjoy them because they are too tired.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
What business has an old bachelor like that to marry?' said Sir James. 'He has one foot in the grave.'
'He means to draw it out again, I suppose.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
And Dorothea..she had no dreams of being praised above other women.
Feeling that there was always something better which she might have done if she had only been better and known better, her full nature spent itself in deeds which left no great name on the earth, but the effect of her being on those around her was incalculable.
For the growing good of the world is partly dependent on unhistoric acts and on all those Dorotheas who life faithfully their hidden lives and rest in unvisited tombs. Middlemarch
β
β
George Eliot
β
To know intense joy without a strong bodily frame, one must have an enthusiastic soul.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Strange, that some of us, with quick alternative vision, see beyond our infatuations, and even while we rave on the heights, behold the wide plain where our persistent self pauses and awaits us.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
The terror of being judged sharpens the memory: it sends an inevitable glare over that long-unvisited past which has been habitually recalled only in general phrases. Even without memory, the life is bound into one by a zone of dependence in growth and decay; but intense memory forces a man to own his blameworthy past. With memory set smarting like a reopened wound, a manβs past is not simply a dead history, an outworn preparation of the present: it is not a repented error shaken loose from the life: it is a still quivering part of himself, bringing shudders and bitter flavors and the tinglings of a merited shame.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
What should I doβhow should I act now, this very day . . . What she would resolve to do that day did not yet seem quite clear, but something that she could achieve stirred her as with an approaching murmur which would soon gather distinctness.
β
β
George Eliot
β
Since you think it my duty, Mr. Farebrother, I will tell you that I have too strong a feeling for Fred to give him up for any one else. I should never be quite happy if I thought he was unhappy for the loss of me. It has taken such deep root in meβmy gratitude to him for always loving me best, and minding so much if I hurt myself, from the time when we were very little. I cannot imagine any new feeling coming to make that weaker.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Signs are small measurable things, but interpretations are illimitable, and in girls of sweet, ardent nature, every sign is apt to conjure up wonder, hope, belief, vast as a sky, and colored by a thimbleful of matter in the shape of knowledge....wrong reasoning sometimes lands poor mortals in right conclusions: starting a long way off the true point, and proceeding by loops and zigzags, we now and then arrive just where we ought to be. Just because Miss Brooke was hasty in her trust, it is not therefore clear that Mr. Casaubon was unworthy of it.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Marriage is so unlike everything else. There is something even awful in the nearness it brings. Even if we loved someone else better than - than those we were married to, it would be no use. I mean, marriage drinks up all our power of giving or getting any blessedness in that sort of love. I know it may be very dear, but it murders our marriage, and then the marriage stays with us like a murder, and everything else is gone.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
the effect of her being on those around her was incalculably diffusive: for the growing good of the world is partly dependent on unhistoric acts; and that things are not so ill with you and me as they might have been, is half owing to the number who lived faithfully a hidden life, and rest in unvisited tombs.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
Most of us who turn to any subject with love remember some morning or evening hour when we got on a high stool to reach down an untried volume, or sat with parted lips listening to a new talker, or for very lack of books began to listen to the voices within, as the first traceable beginning of our love.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
I have always been thinking of the different ways in which Christianity is taught, and whenever I find one way that makes it a wider blessing than any other, I cling to that as the truestβI mean that which takes in the most good of all kinds, and brings in the most people as sharers in it. It is surely better to pardon too much, than to condemn too much.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
I should like to make life beautiful--I mean everybody's life. And then all this immense expense of art, that seems somehow to lie outside life and make it no better for the world, pains one. It spoils my enjoyment of anything when I am made to think that most people are shut out from it."
I call that the fanaticism of sympathy," said Will, impetuously. "You might say the same of landscape, of poetry, of all refinement. If you carried it out you ought to be miserable in your own goodness, and turn evil that you might have no advantage over others. The best piety is to enjoy--when you can. You are doing the most then to save the earth's character as an agreeable planet. And enjoyment radiates. It is of no use to try and take care of all the world; that is being taken care of when you feel delight--in art or in anything else. Would you turn all the youth of the world into a tragic chorus, wailing and moralising over misery? I suspect that you have some false belief in the virtues of misery, and want to make your life a martyrdom.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
But indefinite visions of ambition are weak against the ease of doing what is habitual or beguilingly agreeable; and we all know the difficulty of carrying out a resolve when we secretly long that it may turn out to be unnecessary. In such states of mind the most incredulous person has a private leaning towards miracle: impossible to conceive how our wish could be fulfilled, still - very wonderful things have happened!
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
76. David Hume β Treatise on Human Nature; Essays Moral and Political; An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
77. Jean-Jacques Rousseau β On the Origin of Inequality; On the Political Economy; Emile β or, On Education, The Social Contract
78. Laurence Sterne β Tristram Shandy; A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy
79. Adam Smith β The Theory of Moral Sentiments; The Wealth of Nations
80. Immanuel Kant β Critique of Pure Reason; Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals; Critique of Practical Reason; The Science of Right; Critique of Judgment; Perpetual Peace
81. Edward Gibbon β The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire; Autobiography
82. James Boswell β Journal; Life of Samuel Johnson, Ll.D.
83. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier β TraitΓ© ΓlΓ©mentaire de Chimie (Elements of Chemistry)
84. Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison β Federalist Papers
85. Jeremy Bentham β Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation; Theory of Fictions
86. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe β Faust; Poetry and Truth
87. Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier β Analytical Theory of Heat
88. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel β Phenomenology of Spirit; Philosophy of Right; Lectures on the Philosophy of History
89. William Wordsworth β Poems
90. Samuel Taylor Coleridge β Poems; Biographia Literaria
91. Jane Austen β Pride and Prejudice; Emma
92. Carl von Clausewitz β On War
93. Stendhal β The Red and the Black; The Charterhouse of Parma; On Love
94. Lord Byron β Don Juan
95. Arthur Schopenhauer β Studies in Pessimism
96. Michael Faraday β Chemical History of a Candle; Experimental Researches in Electricity
97. Charles Lyell β Principles of Geology
98. Auguste Comte β The Positive Philosophy
99. HonorΓ© de Balzac β PΓ¨re Goriot; Eugenie Grandet
100. Ralph Waldo Emerson β Representative Men; Essays; Journal
101. Nathaniel Hawthorne β The Scarlet Letter
102. Alexis de Tocqueville β Democracy in America
103. John Stuart Mill β A System of Logic; On Liberty; Representative Government; Utilitarianism; The Subjection of Women; Autobiography
104. Charles Darwin β The Origin of Species; The Descent of Man; Autobiography
105. Charles Dickens β Pickwick Papers; David Copperfield; Hard Times
106. Claude Bernard β Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine
107. Henry David Thoreau β Civil Disobedience; Walden
108. Karl Marx β Capital; Communist Manifesto
109. George Eliot β Adam Bede; Middlemarch
110. Herman Melville β Moby-Dick; Billy Budd
111. Fyodor Dostoevsky β Crime and Punishment; The Idiot; The Brothers Karamazov
112. Gustave Flaubert β Madame Bovary; Three Stories
113. Henrik Ibsen β Plays
114. Leo Tolstoy β War and Peace; Anna Karenina; What is Art?; Twenty-Three Tales
115. Mark Twain β The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn; The Mysterious Stranger
116. William James β The Principles of Psychology; The Varieties of Religious Experience; Pragmatism; Essays in Radical Empiricism
117. Henry James β The American; The Ambassadors
118. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche β Thus Spoke Zarathustra; Beyond Good and Evil; The Genealogy of Morals;The Will to Power
119. Jules Henri PoincarΓ© β Science and Hypothesis; Science and Method
120. Sigmund Freud β The Interpretation of Dreams; Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis; Civilization and Its Discontents; New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis
121. George Bernard Shaw β Plays and Prefaces
β
β
Mortimer J. Adler (How to Read a Book: The Classic Guide to Intelligent Reading)
β
But I have a belief of my own, and it comforts me."
"What is that?" said Will, rather jealous of the belief.
"That by desiring what is perfectly good, even when we don't quite know what it is and can not do what we would, we are part of the divine struggle against evil--widening the skirts of light and making the struggle with darkness narrower.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch (Critical Study))
β
She opened her curtains, and looked out towards the bit of road that lay in view, with fields beyond outside the entrance-gates. On the road there was a man with a bundle on his back and a woman carrying her baby; in the field she could see figures moving - perhaps the shepherd with his dog. Far off in the bending sky was the pearly light; and she felt the largeness of the world and the manifold wakings of men to labor and endurance. She was a part of that involuntary, palpitating life, and could neither look out on it from her luxurious shelter as a mere spectator, nor hide her eyes in selfish complaining.
β
β
George Eliot (Middlemarch)
β
there was a sort of embarrassment about storytelling that struck home powerfully about one hundred years ago, at the beginning of modernism. We see a similar reaction in painting and in music. It's a preoccupation suddenly with the surface rather than the depth. So you get, for example, Picasso and Braque making all kinds of experiments with the actual surface of the painting. That becomes the interesting thing, much more interesting than the thing depicted, which is just an old newspaper, a glass of wine, something like that. In music, the Second Viennese School becomes very interested in what happens when the surface, the diatonic structure of the keys breaks down, and we look at the notes themselves in a sort of tone row, instead of concentrating on things like tunes, which are sort of further in, if you like. That happened, of course, in literature, too, with such great works as James Joyce's Ulysses, which is all about, really, how it's told. Not so much about what happens, which is a pretty banal event in a banal man's life. It's about how it's told. The surface suddenly became passionately interesting to artists in every field about a hundred years ago.
In the field of literature, story retreated. The books we talked about just now, Middlemarch, Bleak House, Vanity Fair -- their authors were the great storytellers as well as the great artists. After modernism, things changed. Indeed, modernism sometimes seems to me like an equivalent of the Fall. Remember, the first thing Adam and Eve did when they ate the fruit was to discover that they had no clothes on. They were embarrassed. Embarrassment was the first consequence of the Fall. And embarrassment was the first literary consequence of this modernist discovery of the surface. "Am I telling a story? Oh my God, this is terrible. I must stop telling a story and focus on the minute gradations of consciousness as they filter through somebody's..."
So there was a great split that took place. Story retreated, as it were, into genre fiction-into crime fiction, into science fiction, into romantic fiction-whereas the high-art literary people went another way.
Children's books held onto the story, because children are rarely interested in surfaces in that sort of way. They're interested in what-happened and what-happened next. I found it a great discipline, when I was writing The Golden Compass and other books, to think that there were some children in the audience. I put it like that because I don't say I write for children. I find it hard to understand how some writers can say with great confidence, "Oh, I write for fourth grade children" or "I write for boys of 12 or 13." How do they know? I don't know. I would rather consider myself in the rather romantic position of the old storyteller in the marketplace: you sit down on your little bit of carpet with your hat upturned in front of you, and you start to tell a story. Your interest really is not in excluding people and saying to some of them, "No, you can't come, because it's just for so-and-so." My interest as a storyteller is to have as big an audience as possible. That will include children, I hope, and it will include adults, I hope. If dogs and horses want to stop and listen, they're welcome as well.
β
β
Philip Pullman
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There were intervals in which she could sit perfectly still, enjoying the outer stillness and the subdued light. The red fire with its gently audible movement seemed like a solemn existence calmly independent of the petty passions, the imbecile desires, the straining after worthless uncertainties, which were daily moving her contempt. Mary was fond of her own thoughts, and could amuse herself well sitting in the twilight with her hands in her lap; for, having early had strong reason to believe that things were not likely to be arranged for her peculiar satisfaction, she wasted no time in astonishment and annoyance at that fact. And she had already come to take life very much as a comedy in which she had a proud, nay, a generous resolution not to act the mean or treacherous part. Mary might have become cynical if she had not had parents whom she honoured, and a well of affectionate gratitude within her, which was all the fuller because she had learned to make no unreasonable claims.
She sat to-night revolving, as she was wont, the scenes of the day, her lips often curling with amusement at the oddities to which her fancy added fresh drollery: people were so ridiculous with their illusions, carrying their fools' caps unawares, thinking their own lies opaque while everybody else's were transparent, making themselves exceptions to everything, as if when all the world looked yellow under a lamp they alone were rosy.
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George Eliot (Middlemarch)