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Not all reformers have encountered straightforward paths to success. In Tanzania, the late President John Magufuli left behind a legacy that earned both acclaim and criticism for his bold and often unconventional approach to governance. After assuming office in 2015, he spearheaded an ambitious anti-corruption campaign, dismissed underperforming civil servants, and curbed government waste by slashing unnecessary spending. His hands-on methods, which included unannounced visits to government offices and hospitals, resonated with the public but also stirred tension within the political establishment. While his policies advanced infrastructure development and enhanced efficiency in the public sector, restrictions on media and political freedoms sparked debate over the trade-offs inherent in governance. His leadership underscores the delicate balance reformers must maintain between driving effectiveness and safeguarding democratic principles.
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George K'Opiyo (Rethinking Leadership in Afria: Reflections on Dependency and Learned Helplessness)