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It all gets back to how running progression happens through a series of aerobic, neuromuscular, and musculoskeletal adaptations that build on each other for years and decades. Aerobically, the body improves oxygen processing capacity by increasing the number of capillaries to carry blood to working muscles, decreasing the amount of oxygen those muscles need in the first place, and turning fuel into energy more efficiently. Essentially, the gas mileage goes up while the engine gets bigger, turning a Kia into a Tesla. On the neuromuscular front, the brain gets better at transmitting signals to the body to perform complex movement patterns, decreasing ground contact time, making faster cadences feel easier, and improving how the nervous system operates. Just like you learn to play the piano or dance, you learn to run efficiently.
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