β
Nothing in this world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not; nothing is more common than unsuccessful men with talent. Genius will not; unrewarded genius is almost a proverb. Education will not; the world is full of educated derelicts. Persistence and determination alone are omnipotent. The slogan 'Press On!' has solved and always will solve the problems of the human race.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
It takes a great man to be a good listener.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Christmas is not a time nor a season, but a state of mind. To cherish peace and goodwill, to be plenteous in mercy, is to have the real spirit of Christmas.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
There is no dignity
quite so impressive,
and no independence
quite so important,
as living within your means.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Donβt expect to build up the weak by pulling down the strong.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
It is much more important to kill bad bills than to pass good ones.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
If we judge ourselves only by our aspirations and everyone else only their conduct we shall soon reach a very false conclusion.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
We cannot do everything at once, but we can do something at once.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
I have noticed that nothing I have never said ever did me any harm.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
No person was ever honored for what he recieved. Honor has been the reward for what he gave.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Prosperity is only an instrument to be used, not a deity to be worshipped.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Don't you know that four fifths of all our troubles in this life would disappear if we would just sit down and keep still?
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Patriotism is easy to understand in America; it means looking out for yourself by looking out for your country.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
We do not need more intellectual power, we need more spiritual power. We do not need more of the things that are seen, we need more of the things that are unseen.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
The nation which forgets its defenders will be itself forgotten.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
The only way I know to drive out evil from the country is by the constructive method of filling it with good.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (The Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
They criticize me for harping on the obvious; if all the folks in the United States would do the few simple things they know they ought to do, most of our big problems would take care of themselves.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Wealth comes from industry and from the hard experience of human toil. To dissipate it in waste and extravagance is disloyalty to humanity.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (The Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
This country would not be a land of opportunity, America could not be America, if the people were shackled with government monopolies.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
To the American People: Christmas is not a time or a season but a state of mind. To cherish peace and good will, to be plenteous in mercy, is to have the real spirit of Christmas. If we think on these things, there will be born in us a Savior and over us will shine a star sending its gleam of hope to the world.
Presidential message, December 25, 1927
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
I favor the policy of economy, not because I wish to save money, but because I wish to save people.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
When a man begins to feel that he is the only one who can lead in this republic, he is guilty of treason to the spirit of our institutions.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (The Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
If you don't say anything, you won't be called on to repeat it.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
I want the people of America to be able to work less for the government and more for themselves. I want them to have the rewards of their own industry. This is the chief meaning of freedom.
Until we can reestablish a condition under which the earnings of the people can be kept by the people, we are bound to suffer a very severe and distinct curtailment of our liberty.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
It is hard to see how a great man can be an atheist. Without the sustaining influence of faith in a divine power we could have little faith in ourselves. We need to feel that behind us is intelligence and love. Doubters do not achieve; skeptics do not contribute; cynics do not create. Faith is the great motive power, and no man realizes his full possibilities unless he has the deep conviction that life is eternally important, and that his work, well done, is a part of an unending plan.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
There is only one form of political strategy in which I have any confidence, and that is to try to do the right thing and sometimes be able to succeed.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (The Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
Our government rests upon religion. It is from that source that we derive our reverence for truth and justice, for equality and liberality, and for the rights of mankind. Unless the people believe in these principles they cannot believe in our government. There are only two main theories of government in our world. One rests on righteousness and the other on force. One appeals to reason, and the other appeals to the sword. One is exemplified in the republic, the other is represented by despotism.
The government of a country never gets ahead of the religion of a country. There is no way by which we can substitute the authority of law for the virtue of man. Of course we endeavor to restrain the vicious, and furnish a fair degree of security and protection by legislation and police control, but the real reform which society in these days is seeking will come as a result of our religious convictions, or they will not come at all. Peace, justice, humanity, charityβthese cannot be legislated into being. They are the result of divine grace.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
I have found it advisable not to give too much heed to what people say when I am trying to accomplish something of consequence. Invariably they proclaim it can't be done. I deem that the very best time to make the effort.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
All growth depends upon activity. There is no development physically or intellectually without effort, and effort means work.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Any reward that is worth having only comes to the industrious. The success which is made in any walk of life is measured almost exactly by the amout of hard work that is put into it.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (The Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
The government of the United States is a device for maintaining in perpetuity the rights of the people, with the ultimate extinction of all privileged classes.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
It is our theory that the people own the government, not that the government should own the people.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
It is difficult for men in high office to avoid the malady of self-delusion. They are always surrounded by worshipers. They are constantly, and for the most part sincerely, assured of their greatness. They live in an artificial atmosphere of adulation and exaltation which sooner or later impairs their judgment. They are in grave danger of becoming careless and arrogant.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
The Business of Our Firm is Business"
-Donald W. Hudspeth from:
"The Business of America is Business"
-Calvin Coolidge
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Christmas is not a time nor a season, but a state of mind. To cherish peace and goodwill, to be plenteous in mercy, is to have the real spirit of Christmas. βCalvin Coolidge
β
β
Kevin Alan Milne (The Paper Bag Christmas: A Novel)
β
The people cannot look to legislation generally for success. Industry, thrift, character, are not conferred by act or resolve. Government cannot relieve from toil. It can provide no substitute for the rewards of service. It can, of course, care for the defective and recognize distinguished merit. The normal must care for themselves. Self-government means self-support.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Democracy is not a tearing down; it is a building up. It does not denial of the divine right of kings; it asserts the divine right of all men.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
The business of America is business.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
We do not need more intellectual power; we need more moral power. We do not need more knowledge; we need more character. We do not need more government; we need more culture. We do not need more law; we need more religion. We do not need more of the things that are seen; we need more of the things that are unseen
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
If you see ten troubles coming down the road, you can be sure that nine will run into the ditch before they reach you
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Civilization and profits go hand in hand
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
The collection of taxes which are not absolutely required, which do not beyond reasonable doubt contribute to the public welfare, is only a species of legalized larceny.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
When a man begins to feel that he is the only one whou can lead in this republic, he is guilty of treason to the spirit of our institutions.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
IT is a very old saying that you never can tell what you can do until you try. The more I see of life the more I am convinced of the wisdom of that observation.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
It is a great advantage to a President, and a major source of safety to the country, for him to know that he is not a great man. When a man begins to feel that he is the only one who can lead in this republic, he is guilty of treason to the spirit of our institutions.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
You don't have to explain something you haven't said.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
I have found it advisable not to give too much heed to what people say when I am trying to accomplish something of consequence. Invariably they proclaim it can't be done.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Economy is idealism in its most practical form.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
It is characteristic of the unlearned that they are forever proposing something which is old, and because it has recently come to their own attention, supposing it to be new.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
The nation which forgets its defenders will itself be forgotten.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
It has been my observation in life that, if one will only exercise the patience to wait, his wants are likely to be filled.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
Persistence and determination alone are omnipotent.
β
β
"Silent" Cal - President Calvin Coolidge
β
Nothing in this world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not: nothing is more common than unsuccessful men with talent. Genius will not: unrewarded genius is almost a proverb. Education will not: the world is full of educated derelicts. Persistence and determination alone are omnipotent.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Chapter 95
Fairfield, Connecticut β May 8, 2015
βNo nation ever had an army large enough to guarantee it against attack in time of peace, or ensure it of victory in time of war.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Those who trust to chance must abide by the results of chance.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
...After all, the chief business of the American people is business. They are profoundly concerned with producing, buying, selling, investing and prospering in the world. I am strongly of the opinion that the great majority of people will always find these are the moving impulses of our life. But it is only those who do not understand our people, who believe that our national life is entirely absorbed by material motives. We make no concealment of the fact that we want wealth, but there are many other things that we want much more. We want peace and honor, and that charity which is so strong an element of all civilization. The chief ideal of the American people is idealism.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Well, theyβre going to elect that Superman Hoover, and heβs going to have some trouble. Heβs going to have to spend money, but it wonβt be enough. Then the Democrats will come in. But they donβt know anything about money.
[To his Secret Service man, Edmund Starling]
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
The world is full of educated derelicts
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Collecting more taxes than is absolutely necessary is legalized robbery.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
On the wall over his head as he worked was a framed quote from President Calvin Coolidge: βDoubters do not achieve; skeptics do not contribute; cynics do not create.
β
β
Robert Coram (Brute: The Life of Victor Krulak, U.S. Marine)
β
Any man who has been placed in the White House cannot feel that it is the result of his own exertions or his own merit. Some power outside and beyond him becomes manifest through him. As he contemplates the workings of his office, he comes to realize with an increasing sense of humility that he is but an instrument in the hands of God.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
I've never liked that man from the day Grace married him, and the fact he's become President of the United States makes no difference.'
- Lemira Barrett Goodhue, mother-in-law of Calvin Coolidge
β
β
Bill Bryson (One Summer: America, 1927)
β
If you see 10 troubles coming down the road, you can be sure 9 will go in the ditch and you have only one to battle with.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Little progress can be made by merely attempting to repress what is evil. Our great hope lies in developing what is good.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
All growth depends upon activity. There is no development physically or intellectually without effort and effort means work.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
It seems impossible that any man could adequately describe his mother. I cannot describe mine.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
After Harding's death, the taciturn vice president, Calvin Coolidge, moved into the White House. In contrast to his predecessor's political cronyism and outgoing style, Coolidge personified austere rectitude. As vice president "Silent Cal" often sat through official functions without uttering a word. A dinner partner once challenged him by saying, "Mr. Coolidge, I've made a rather sizable bet with my friends that I can get you to speak three words this evening." Responded Coolidge icily, "You lose.
β
β
James A. Henretta (America: A Concise History 3e V1 & Documents to Accompany America's History 5e V1)
β
The words of the President have an enormous weight and ought not to be used indiscriminately. It would be exceedingly easy to set the country all by the ears and foment hatreds and jealousies, which, by destroying faith and confidence, would help nobody and harm everybody. The end would be the destruction of all progress.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
One afternoon a big wolf waited in a dark forest for a little girl to come along, carrying a basket of food to her grandmother. Finally a little girl did come a long and she was carrying a basket of food. βAre you carrying that basket to your grandmother? asked the wolf. The little girl said yes, she was. So the wolf asked her where her grandmother lived and the little girl told him and he disappeared into the wood.
When the little girl opened the door of her grandmotherβs house she saw that there was somebody in bed with a nightcap and nightgown on. She had approached no nearer than twenty-five feet from the bed when she saw that it was not her grandmother but the wolf, for even in a nightcap a wolf does not look any more like your grandmother than the Metro-Goldwyn lion looks like Calvin Coolidge. So the little girl took an automatic out of her basket and shot the wolf dead.
Moral: It is not so easy to fool little girls nowadays as it used to be.
β
β
James Thurber
β
Extraordinaryβthat Willowdale Academy and Calvin Coolidge High School should both be institutions of learning! The contrast is stunning. I had a leisurely tea with the Chairman of the English Department. I saw several faculty members sitting around in offices and lounges, sipping tea, reading, smoking. Through the large casement windows bare trees rubbed cozy branches. (One of my students had written wistfully of a dream-school that would have "windows with trees in them"!) Old leather chairs, book-lined walls, air of cultivated casualness, sound of well-bred laughter.
β
β
Bel Kaufman (Up the Down Staircase)
β
The only way I know to drive out evil from the country is by the constructive method of filling it with good. The country is better off tranquilly considering its blessings and merits, and earnestly striving to secure more of them, than it would be in nursing hostile bitterness about its deficiencies and faults.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
She was practically an invalid ever after I could remember her, but used what strength she had in lavish care upon me and my sister, who was three years younger. There was a touch of mysticism and poetry in her nature which made her love to gaze at the purple sunsets and watch the evening stars. Whatever was grand and beautiful in form and color attracted her. It seemed as though the rich green tints of the foliage and the blossoms of the flowers came for her in the springtime, and in the autumn it was for her that the mountain sides were struck with crimson and with gold.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
Wherever we look, the work of the chemist has raised the level of our civilization and has increased the productive capacity of our nation.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Heroism is not only in the man, but in the occasion.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
I have never been hurt by what I have not said.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
I sometimes wish that people would put a little more emphasis on the observance of the law than they do upon its enforcement.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
If you see ten troubles coming down the road, you can be sure that nine will run into the ditch before they reach you.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
The political mind is the product of men in public life who have been twice spoiled. They have been spoiled with praise and they have been spoiled with abuse. β Calvin Coolidge
β
β
David Pietrusza (1960--LBJ vs. JFK vs. Nixon: The Epic Campaign That Forged Three Presidencies)
β
Calvin Coolidge, βThere is no right to strike against the public safety, by anybody, anywhere, at any time.β In
β
β
Bill O'Reilly (Killing Reagan: The Violent Assault That Changed a Presidency)
β
Knowledge comes, but Wisdom lingers. It may not be difficult to store up in the mind a vast quantity of facts within a comparatively short time, but the ability to form judgments requires the severe discipline of hard work and the tempering heat of experience and maturity.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Nothing in this world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not;nothing is more common than unsuccessful people with talent.Genius will not; un-rewarded genius is almost a proverb.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
I favor the policy of economy, not because I wish to save money, but because I wish to save people. The men and women of this country who toil are the ones who bear the cost of the Government. Every dollar that we carelessly waste means that their life will be so much the more meager. Every dollar that we prudently save means that their life will be so much the more abundant. Economy is idealism in its most practical form.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
Brevity Is Best: Nicknamed "Silent Cal," President Calvin Coolidge was once challenged by a reporter, saying, "I bet someone that I could get more than two words out of you." Coolidge responded, "You lose." The notion of crafting six word memoirs really took off after Smith Magazine shared this poignant one written by Ernest Hemingway: "For Sale: baby shoes, never worn."
Pithiness Pays Off For Other Reasons: When required to be brief, for example, we gain clarity about what we really mean -- or have to offer. As Mark Twain once wrote, in a slower-paced time, "I didn't have time to write a short letter, so I wrote a long one instead.
β
β
Kare Anderson (Mutuality Matters How You Can Create More Opportunity, Adventure & Friendship With Others)
β
The business of America is business," said Calvin Coolidge. Now the business of America is regulation. It is necessary for once free people to take back responsibility for their own affairs. Ultimately, judge-made law and bureaucrat-made regulations and dancing with the czars strike at the compact between citizen and state. By sidestepping the consent of the governed, as regulators do, or expressing open contempt for it, as judges do, the governing class delegitimizes itself. When government is demanding the right to determine every aspect of your life, those on the receiving end should at least demand back that our betters have the guts to do so by passing laws in legislatures of the people's representatives.
β
β
Mark Steyn (After America: Get Ready for Armageddon)
β
She hasn't been back since, and we have a young per diem substitute who had taught shoes in a vocational high school on her last job. Though her license is English, she had been called to the Shoe Department, where she traced the history of shoes from Cinderella and Puss in Boots through Galsworthy and modern advertising. "Best shoe lesson they ever had," she told me cheerfully. "Until a cop came in, dangling handcuffs: 'Lady, that kid I gotta have.'" To her, Calvin Coolidge is Paradise.
β
β
Bel Kaufman (Up the Down Staircase)
β
Wealth comes from industry and from the hard experience of human toil. To dissipate it in waste and extravagance is disloyalty to humanity. This is by no means a doctrine of parsimony. Both men and nations should live in accordance with their means and devote their substance not only to productive industry, but to the creation of the various forms of beauty and the pursuit of culture which give adornments to the art of life.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
While we should not refuse to spend and be spent in the service of our country, it is hazardous to attempt what we feel is beyond our strength to accomplish.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
Calvin Coolidge in 1924 had signed into law radical restrictions on immigration, but not before publishing a stinging little essay in Good Housekeeping magazine titled βWhose Country Is This?β Immigration restrictions, Coolidge wrote under the Good Housekeeping Seal of Approval, were a necessary first step in walling off white America from βthe vicious, the weak of body, the shiftless or the improvident.β These types, he implied, could be identified by nationality and skin color. βThere are racial considerations too grave to be brushed aside for any sentimental reasons,β Coolidge wrote. βBiological laws tell us that certain divergent people will not mix or blendβ¦. The unassimilated alien child menaces our children.
β
β
Rachel Maddow (Prequel: An American Fight Against Fascism)
β
But this does not detract from the wisdom of his faith in the people and his constant insistence that they be left to manage their own affairs. His opposition to bureaucracy will bear careful analysis, and the country could stand a great deal more of its application. The trouble with us is that we talk about Jefferson but do not follow him. In his theory that the people should manage their government, and not be managed by it, he was everlastingly right.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
In May 1925, President Calvin Coolidge signed the National Origins Act into law. The new law effectively closed the United States to most Jewish immigrants.
During the debate, Coolidge told the American people:
"Restricted immigration is not an offensive but purely a defensive action... We cast no aspersions on any race or creed, but we must remember that every object of our institutions of society and government will fail unless America be kept American.
β
β
Phyllis Goldstein (A Convenient Hatred: The History of Antisemitism)
β
It is a great advantage to a President, and a major source of safety to the country, for him to know that he is not a great man. When a man begins to feel that he is the only one who can lead in this republic, he is guilty of treason to the spirit of our institutions. .
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
Under the attempt to perform the impossible there sets in a general disintegration. When legislation fails, those who look upon it as a sovereign remedy simply cry out for more legislation.
A sound and wise statesmanship which recognizes and attempts to abide by its limitations will undoubtedly find itself displaced by that type of public official who promises much, talks much, legislates much, expends much, but accomplishes little.
The deliberate, sound judgement of the country is likely to find it has been superseded by a popular whim.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (The Price of Freedom)
β
About the Declaration there is a finality that is exceedingly restful. It is often asserted that the world has made a great deal of progress since 1776, that we have had new thoughts and new experiences which have given us a great advance over the people of that day, and that we may therefore very well discard their conclusions for something more modern. But that reasoning can not be applied to this great charter. If all men are created equal, that is final. If they are endowed with inalienable rights, that is final. If governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed, that is final. No advance, no progress can be made beyond these propositions. If anyone wishes to deny their truth or their soundness, the only direction in which he can proceed historically is not forward, but backward toward the time when there was no equality, no rights of the individual, no rule of the people. Those who wish to proceed in that direction can not lay claim to progress. They are reactionary. Their ideas are not more modern, but more ancient, than those of the Revolutionary fathers.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
If men are created equal, that is final. If they are endowed with inalienable rights, that is final. If governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed, that is final. No advance, no progress can be made beyond these propositions. If anyone wishes to deny their truth or their soundness, the only direction in which he can proceed historically is not forward, but backwards toward the time when there was no equality, no rights of the individual, no rule of the people...We live in an age of science and of abounding accumulation of material things. These did not create our Declaration. Our Declaration created them.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge
β
On the labour front in 1919 there was an unprecedented number of strikes involving many millions of workers. One of the lager strikes was mounted by the AF of L against the United States Steel Corporation. At that time workers in the steel industry put in an average sixty-eight-hour week for bare subsistence wages. The strike spread to other plants, resulting in considerable violence -- the death of eighteen striking workers, the calling out of troops to disperse picket lines, and so forth. By branding the strikers Bolsheviks and thereby separating them from their public support, the Corporation broke the strike. In Boston, the Police Department went on strike and governor Calvin Coolidge replaced them. In Seattle there was a general strike which precipitated a nationwide 'red scare'. this was the first red scare. Sixteen bombs were found in the New York Post Office just before May Day. The bombs were addressed to men prominent in American life, including John D. Rockefeller and Attorney General Mitchell Palmer. It is not clear today who was responsible for those bombs -- Red terrorists, Black anarchists, or their enemies -- but the effect was the same. Other bombs pooped off all spring, damaging property, killing and maiming innocent people, and the nation responded with an alarm against Reds. It was feared that at in Russia, they were about to take over the country and shove large cocks into everyone's mother. Strike that. The Press exacerbated public feeling. May Day parades in the big cities were attacked by policemen, and soldiers and sailors. The American Legion, just founded, raided IWW headquarters in the State of Washington. Laws against seditious speech were passed in State Legislatures across the country and thousands of people were jailed, including a Socialist Congressman from Milwaukee who was sentenced to twenty years in prison. To say nothing of the Espionage and Sedition Acts of 1917 which took care of thousands more. To say nothing of Eugene V. Debs. On the evening of 2 January 1920, Attorney General Palmer, who had his eye on the White House, organized a Federal raid on Communist Party offices throughout the nation. With his right-hand assistant, J. Edgar Hoover, at his right hand, Palmer effected the arrest of over six thousand people, some Communist aliens, some just aliens, some just Communists, and some neither Communists nor aliens but persons visiting those who had been arrested. Property was confiscated, people chained together, handcuffed, and paraded through the streets (in Boston), or kept in corridors of Federal buildings for eight days without food or proper sanitation (in Detroit). Many historians have noted this phenomenon. The raids made an undoubted contribution to the wave of vigilantism winch broke over the country. The Ku Klux Klan blossomed throughout the South and West. There were night raidings, floggings, public hangings, and burnings. Over seventy Negroes were lynched in 1919, not a few of them war veterans. There were speeches against 'foreign ideologies' and much talk about 'one hundred per cent Americanism'. The teaching of evolution in the schools of Tennessee was outlawed. Elsewhere textbooks were repudiated that were not sufficiently patriotic. New immigration laws made racial distinctions and set stringent quotas. Jews were charged with international conspiracy and Catholics with trying to bring the Pope to America. The country would soon go dry, thus creating large-scale, organized crime in the US. The White Sox threw the Series to the Cincinnati Reds. And the stage was set for the trial of two Italian-born anarchists, N. Sacco and B. Vanzetti, for the alleged murder of a paymaster in South Braintree, Mass. The story of the trial is well known and often noted by historians and need not be recounted here. To nothing of World War II--
β
β
E.L. Doctorow (The Book of Daniel)
β
The college of that day had a very laudable desire to get students, and having admitted them, it was equally alert in striving to keep them and help them get an education, with the result that very few left of their own volition and almost none were dropped for failure in their work. There was no marked exodus at the first examination period, which was due not only to the attitude of the college but to the attitude of the students, who did not go there because they wished to experiment for a few months with college life and be able to say thereafter they had been in college, but went because they felt they had need of an education, and expected to work hard for that purpose until the course was finished. There were few triflers.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
Ever since I was in Amherst College I have remembered how Garman told his class in philosophy that if they would go along with events and have the courage and industry to hold to the main stream, without being washed ashore by the immaterial cross currents, they would someday be men of power. He meant that we should try to guide ourselves by general principles and not get lost in particulars. That may sound like mysticism, but it is only the mysticism that envelopes every great truth. One of the greatest mysteries in the world is the success that lies in conscientious work.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)
β
If talking pictures could be said to have a father, it was Lee De Forest, a brilliant but erratic inventor of electrical devices of all types. (He had 216 patents.) In 1907, while searching for ways to boost telephone signals, De Forest invented something called the thermionic triode detector. De Forestβs patent described it as βa System for Amplifying Feeble Electric Currentsβ and it would play a pivotal role in the development of broadcast radio and much else involving the delivery of sound, but the real developments would come from others. De Forest, unfortunately, was forever distracted by business problems. Several companies he founded went bankrupt, twice he was swindled by his backers, and constantly he was in court fighting over money or patents. For these reasons, he didnβt follow through on his invention. Meanwhile, other hopeful inventors demonstrated various sound-and-image systemsβCinematophone, Cameraphone, Synchroscopeβbut in every case the only really original thing about them was their name. All produced sounds that were faint or muddy, or required impossibly perfect timing on the part of the projectionist. Getting a projector and sound system to run in perfect tandem was basically impossible. Moving pictures were filmed with hand-cranked cameras, which introduced a slight variability in speed that no sound system could adjust to. Projectionists also commonly repaired damaged film by cutting out a few frames and resplicing what remained, which clearly would throw out any recording. Even perfect film sometimes skipped or momentarily stuttered in the projector. All these things confounded synchronization. De Forest came up with the idea of imprinting the sound directly onto the film. That meant that no matter what happened with the film, sound and image would always be perfectly aligned. Failing to find backers in America, he moved to Berlin in the early 1920s and there developed a system that he called Phonofilm. De Forest made his first Phonofilm movie in 1921 and by 1923 he was back in America giving public demonstrations. He filmed Calvin Coolidge making a speech, Eddie Cantor singing, George Bernard Shaw pontificating, and DeWolf Hopper reciting βCasey at the Bat.β By any measure, these were the first talking pictures. However, no Hollywood studio would invest in them. The sound quality still wasnβt ideal, and the recording system couldnβt quite cope with multiple voices and movement of a type necessary for any meaningful dramatic presentation. One invention De Forest couldnβt make use of was his own triode detector tube, because the patents now resided with Western Electric, a subsidiary of AT&T. Western Electric had been using the triode to develop public address systems for conveying speeches to large crowds or announcements to fans at baseball stadiums and the like. But in the 1920s it occurred to some forgotten engineer at the company that the triode detector could be used to project sound in theaters as well. The upshot was that in 1925 Warner Bros. bought the system from Western Electric and dubbed it Vitaphone. By the time of The Jazz Singer, it had already featured in theatrical presentations several times. Indeed, the Roxy on its opening night in March 1927 played a Vitaphone feature of songs from Carmen sung by Giovanni Martinelli. βHis voice burst from the screen with splendid synchronization with the movements of his lips,β marveled the critic Mordaunt Hall in the Times. βIt rang through the great theatre as if he had himself been on the stage.
β
β
Bill Bryson (One Summer: America, 1927)
β
I appreciate how impossible it is to convey an adequate realization of the office of President. A few short paragraphs in the Constitution of the United States describe all his fundamental duties. Various laws passed over a period of nearly a century and a half have supplemented his authority. All of his actions can be analyzed. All of his goings and comings can be recited. The details of his daily life can be made known. The effect of his policies on his own country and on the world at large can be estimated. His methods of work, his associates, his place of abode, can all be described. But the relationship created by all these and more, which constitutes the magnitude of the office, does not yield to definition. Like the glory of a morning sunrise, it can only be experienced it cannot be told.
β
β
Calvin Coolidge (Autobiography of Calvin Coolidge)